489 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
489 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
---
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reviewers:
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- Random-Liu
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- feiskyer
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- mrunalp
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title: 使用 crictl 对 Kubernetes 节点进行调试
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content_template: templates/task
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---
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<!--
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---
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reviewers:
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- Random-Liu
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- feiskyer
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- mrunalp
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title: Debugging Kubernetes nodes with crictl
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content_template: templates/task
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---
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-->
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{{% capture overview %}}
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{{< feature-state for_k8s_version="v1.11" state="stable" >}}
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<!--
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`crictl` is a command-line interface for CRI-compatible container runtimes.
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You can use it to inspect and debug container runtimes and applications on a
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Kubernetes node. `crictl` and its source are hosted in the
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[cri-tools](https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/cri-tools) repository.
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-->
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`crictl` 是 CRI 兼容的容器运行时命令行接口。
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您可以使用它来检查和调试 Kubernetes 节点上的容器运行时和应用程序。
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`crictl`和它的源代码在 [cri-tools](https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/cri-tools) 代码库。
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{{% /capture %}}
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{{% capture prerequisites %}}
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<!--
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`crictl` requires a Linux operating system with a CRI runtime.
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-->
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`crictl` 需要带有 CRI 运行时的 Linux 操作系统。
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{{% /capture %}}
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{{% capture steps %}}
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<!--
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## Installing crictl
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You can download a compressed archive `crictl` from the cri-tools [release
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page](https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/cri-tools/releases), for several
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different architectures. Download the version that corresponds to your version
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of Kubernetes. Extract it and move it to a location on your system path, such as
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`/usr/local/bin/`.
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-->
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## 安装 crictl
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您可以从 cri-tools [发布页面](https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/cri-tools/releases)下载一个压缩的 `crictl` 归档文件，用于几种不同的架构。
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下载与您的 kubernetes 版本相对应的版本。
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提取它并将其移动到系统路径上的某个位置，例如`/usr/local/bin/`。
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<!--
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## General usage
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-->
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## 一般用法
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<!--
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The `crictl` command has several subcommands and runtime flags. Use
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`crictl help` or `crictl <subcommand> help` for more details.
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-->
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`crictl` 命令有几个子命令和运行时参数。
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有关详细信息，请使用 `crictl help` 或 `crictl <subcommand> help` 获取帮助信息。
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<!--
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`crictl` connects to `unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock` by default. For other
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runtimes, you can set the endpoint in multiple different ways:
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-->
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`crictl` 默认连接到 `unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock`。
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对于其他的运行时，您可以用多种不同的方法设置端点：
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<!--
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- By setting flags `--runtime-endpoint` and `--image-endpoint`
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- By setting environment variables `CONTAINER_RUNTIME_ENDPOINT` and `IMAGE_SERVICE_ENDPOINT`
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- By setting the endpoint in the config file `--config=/etc/crictl.yaml`
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-->
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- 通过设置参数 `--runtime-endpoint` 和 `--image-endpoint`
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- 通过设置环境变量 `CONTAINER_RUNTIME_ENDPOINT` 和 `IMAGE_SERVICE_ENDPOINT`
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- 通过在配置文件中设置端点 `--config=/etc/crictl.yaml`
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<!--
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You can also specify timeout values when connecting to the server and enable or
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disable debugging, by specifying `timeout` or `debug` values in the configuration
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file or using the `--timeout` and `--debug` command-line flags.
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-->
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您还可以在连接到服务器并启用或禁用调试时指定超时值，方法是在配置文件中指定 `timeout` 或 `debug` 值，或者使用 `--timeout` 和 `--debug` 命令行参数。
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<!--
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To view or edit the current configuration, view or edit the contents of
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`/etc/crictl.yaml`.
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-->
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要查看或编辑当前配置，请查看或编辑 `/etc/crictl.yaml` 的内容。
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```sh
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cat /etc/crictl.yaml
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runtime-endpoint: unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock
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image-endpoint: unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock
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timeout: 10
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debug: true
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```
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<!--
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## Example crictl commands
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The following examples show some `crictl` commands and example output.
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-->
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## crictl 命令示例
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{{< warning >}}
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<!--If you use `crictl` to create pod sandboxes or containers on a running
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Kubernetes cluster, the Kubelet will eventually delete them. `crictl` is not a
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general purpose workflow tool, but a tool that is useful for debugging.-->
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如果使用 `crictl` 在正在运行的 Kubernetes 集群上创建 Pod 沙盒或容器，kubelet 最终将删除它们。
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`crictl`不是一个通用的工作流工具，而是一个对调试有用的工具。
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{{< /warning >}}
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<!--
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### List pods
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List all pods:
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-->
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### 打印 Pod 清单
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打印所有 Pod 的清单：
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```bash
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crictl pods
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```
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```none
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POD ID CREATED STATE NAME NAMESPACE ATTEMPT
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926f1b5a1d33a About a minute ago Ready sh-84d7dcf559-4r2gq default 0
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4dccb216c4adb About a minute ago Ready nginx-65899c769f-wv2gp default 0
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a86316e96fa89 17 hours ago Ready kube-proxy-gblk4 kube-system 0
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919630b8f81f1 17 hours ago Ready nvidia-device-plugin-zgbbv kube-system 0
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```
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<!--
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List pods by name:
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-->
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根据名称打印 Pod 清单：
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```bash
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crictl pods --name nginx-65899c769f-wv2gp
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```
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```none
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POD ID CREATED STATE NAME NAMESPACE ATTEMPT
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4dccb216c4adb 2 minutes ago Ready nginx-65899c769f-wv2gp default 0
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```
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<!--
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List pods by label:
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-->
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根据标签打印 Pod 清单：
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```bash
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crictl pods --label run=nginx
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```
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```none
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POD ID CREATED STATE NAME NAMESPACE ATTEMPT
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4dccb216c4adb 2 minutes ago Ready nginx-65899c769f-wv2gp default 0
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```
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<!--
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### List images
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List all images:
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-->
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### 打印镜像清单
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打印所有镜像清单：
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```bash
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crictl images
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```
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```none
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IMAGE TAG IMAGE ID SIZE
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busybox latest 8c811b4aec35f 1.15MB
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k8s-gcrio.azureedge.net/hyperkube-amd64 v1.10.3 e179bbfe5d238 665MB
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k8s-gcrio.azureedge.net/pause-amd64 3.1 da86e6ba6ca19 742kB
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nginx latest cd5239a0906a6 109MB
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```
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<!--
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List images by repository:
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-->
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根据仓库打印镜像清单：
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```bash
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crictl images nginx
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```
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```none
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IMAGE TAG IMAGE ID SIZE
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nginx latest cd5239a0906a6 109MB
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```
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<!--
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Only list image IDs:
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-->
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只打印镜像 ID：
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```bash
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crictl images -q
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```
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```none
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sha256:8c811b4aec35f259572d0f79207bc0678df4c736eeec50bc9fec37ed936a472a
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sha256:e179bbfe5d238de6069f3b03fccbecc3fb4f2019af741bfff1233c4d7b2970c5
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sha256:da86e6ba6ca197bf6bc5e9d900febd906b133eaa4750e6bed647b0fbe50ed43e
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sha256:cd5239a0906a6ccf0562354852fae04bc5b52d72a2aff9a871ddb6bd57553569
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```
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<!--
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### List containers
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List all containers:
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-->
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### 打印容器清单
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打印所有容器清单：
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```bash
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crictl ps -a
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```
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```none
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CONTAINER ID IMAGE CREATED STATE NAME ATTEMPT
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1f73f2d81bf98 busybox@sha256:141c253bc4c3fd0a201d32dc1f493bcf3fff003b6df416dea4f41046e0f37d47 7 minutes ago Running sh 1
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9c5951df22c78 busybox@sha256:141c253bc4c3fd0a201d32dc1f493bcf3fff003b6df416dea4f41046e0f37d47 8 minutes ago Exited sh 0
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87d3992f84f74 nginx@sha256:d0a8828cccb73397acb0073bf34f4d7d8aa315263f1e7806bf8c55d8ac139d5f 8 minutes ago Running nginx 0
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1941fb4da154f k8s-gcrio.azureedge.net/hyperkube-amd64@sha256:00d814b1f7763f4ab5be80c58e98140dfc69df107f253d7fdd714b30a714260a 18 hours ago Running kube-proxy 0
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```
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<!--
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List running containers:
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-->
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打印正在运行的容器清单：
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```bash
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crictl ps
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```
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```none
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CONTAINER ID IMAGE CREATED STATE NAME ATTEMPT
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1f73f2d81bf98 busybox@sha256:141c253bc4c3fd0a201d32dc1f493bcf3fff003b6df416dea4f41046e0f37d47 6 minutes ago Running sh 1
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87d3992f84f74 nginx@sha256:d0a8828cccb73397acb0073bf34f4d7d8aa315263f1e7806bf8c55d8ac139d5f 7 minutes ago Running nginx 0
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1941fb4da154f k8s-gcrio.azureedge.net/hyperkube-amd64@sha256:00d814b1f7763f4ab5be80c58e98140dfc69df107f253d7fdd714b30a714260a 17 hours ago Running kube-proxy 0
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```
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<!--
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### Execute a command in a running container
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-->
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### 在正在运行的容器上执行命令
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```bash
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crictl exec -i -t 1f73f2d81bf98 ls
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```
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```none
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bin dev etc home proc root sys tmp usr var
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```
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<!--
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### Get a container's logs
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Get all container logs:
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-->
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### 获取容器日志
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获取容器的所有日志：
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```bash
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crictl logs 87d3992f84f74
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```
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```none
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10.240.0.96 - - [06/Jun/2018:02:45:49 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
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10.240.0.96 - - [06/Jun/2018:02:45:50 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
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10.240.0.96 - - [06/Jun/2018:02:45:51 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
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```
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<!--
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Get only the latest `N` lines of logs:
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-->
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获取最近的 `N` 行日志：
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```bash
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crictl logs --tail=1 87d3992f84f74
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```
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```none
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10.240.0.96 - - [06/Jun/2018:02:45:51 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
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```
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<!--
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### Run a pod sandbox
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Using `crictl` to run a pod sandbox is useful for debugging container runtimes.
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On a running Kubernetes cluster, the sandbox will eventually be stopped and
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deleted by the Kubelet.
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-->
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### 运行 Pod 沙盒
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用 `crictl` 运行 Pod 沙盒对容器运行时排错很有帮助。
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在运行的 Kubernetes 集群中，沙盒会随机地被 kubelet 停止和删除。
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1. <!--Create a JSON file like the following:-->
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编写下面的 JSON 文件：
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```json
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{
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"metadata": {
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"name": "nginx-sandbox",
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"namespace": "default",
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"attempt": 1,
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"uid": "hdishd83djaidwnduwk28bcsb"
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},
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"logDirectory": "/tmp",
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"linux": {
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}
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}
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```
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2. <!--Use the `crictl runp` command to apply the JSON and run the sandbox.-->
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使用 `crictl runp` 命令应用 JSON 文件并运行沙盒。
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```bash
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crictl runp pod-config.json
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```
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<!--The ID of the sandbox is returned.-->
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返回了沙盒的 ID。
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<!--
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### Create a container
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Using `crictl` to create a container is useful for debugging container runtimes.
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On a running Kubernetes cluster, the sandbox will eventually be stopped and
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deleted by the Kubelet.
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-->
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### 创建容器
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用 `crictl` 创建容器对容器运行时排错很有帮助。
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在运行的 Kubernetes 集群中，沙盒会随机的被 kubelet 停止和删除。
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1. <!--Pull a busybox image-->
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拉取 busybox 镜像
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```bash
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crictl pull busybox
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Image is up to date for busybox@sha256:141c253bc4c3fd0a201d32dc1f493bcf3fff003b6df416dea4f41046e0f37d47
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```
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2. <!--Create configs for the pod and the container:-->
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创建 Pod 和容器的配置：
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<!--**Pod config**:-->
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**Pod 配置**：
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```yaml
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{
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"metadata": {
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"name": "nginx-sandbox",
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"namespace": "default",
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"attempt": 1,
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"uid": "hdishd83djaidwnduwk28bcsb"
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},
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"log_directory": "/tmp",
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"linux": {
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}
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}
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```
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<!--**Container config**:-->
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**容器配置**：
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```yaml
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{
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"metadata": {
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"name": "busybox"
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},
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"image":{
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"image": "busybox"
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},
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"command": [
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"top"
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],
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"log_path":"busybox.log",
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"linux": {
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}
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}
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```
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3. <!--Create the container, passing the ID of the previously-created pod, the
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container config file, and the pod config file. The ID of the container is
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returned.-->
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创建容器，传递先前创建的 Pod 的 ID、容器配置文件和 Pod 配置文件。返回容器的 ID。
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```bash
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crictl create f84dd361f8dc51518ed291fbadd6db537b0496536c1d2d6c05ff943ce8c9a54f container-config.json pod-config.json
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```
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4. <!--List all containers and verify that the newly-created container has its
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state set to `Created`.-->
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查询所有容器并确认新创建的容器状态为 `Created`。
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```bash
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crictl ps -a
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```
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```none
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CONTAINER ID IMAGE CREATED STATE NAME ATTEMPT
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3e025dd50a72d busybox 32 seconds ago Created busybox 0
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```
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<!--
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### Start a container
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To start a container, pass its ID to `crictl start`:
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-->
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### 启动容器
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要启动容器，要将容器 ID 传给 `crictl start`：
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```bash
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crictl start 3e025dd50a72d956c4f14881fbb5b1080c9275674e95fb67f965f6478a957d60
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```
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```none
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3e025dd50a72d956c4f14881fbb5b1080c9275674e95fb67f965f6478a957d60
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```
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<!--
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Check the container has its state set to `Running`.
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-->
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确认容器的状态为 `Running`。
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```bash
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crictl ps
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```
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```none
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CONTAINER ID IMAGE CREATED STATE NAME ATTEMPT
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3e025dd50a72d busybox About a minute ago Running busybox 0
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```
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||
|
||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||
|
||
|
||
{{% capture discussion %}}
|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
See [kubernetes-incubator/cri-tools](https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/cri-tools)
|
||
for more information.
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
更多信息请参考 [kubernetes-incubator/cri-tools](https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/cri-tools)。
|
||
|
||
{{% /capture %}}
|