444 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
444 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: 在 Minikube 环境中使用 NGINX Ingress 控制器配置 Ingress
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content_type: task
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weight: 100
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min-kubernetes-server-version: 1.19
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---
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<!--
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title: Set up Ingress on Minikube with the NGINX Ingress Controller
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content_type: task
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weight: 100
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min-kubernetes-server-version: 1.19
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-->
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<!-- overview -->
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<!--
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An [Ingress](/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/) is an API object that defines rules which allow external access
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to services in a cluster. An [Ingress controller](/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers/) fulfills the rules set in the Ingress.
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This page shows you how to set up a simple Ingress which routes requests to Service web or web2 depending on the HTTP URI.
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-->
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[Ingress](/zh/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/)是一种 API 对象，其中定义了一些规则使得集群中的
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服务可以从集群外访问。
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[Ingress 控制器](/zh/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers/)
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负责满足 Ingress 中所设置的规则。
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本节为你展示如何配置一个简单的 Ingress，根据 HTTP URI 将服务请求路由到
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服务 `web` 或 `web2`。
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## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}}
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{{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{< version-check >}}
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如果你使用的是较早的 Kubernetes 版本，请切换到该版本的文档。
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<!-- steps -->
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<!--
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### Create a Minikube cluster
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-->
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### 创建一个 Minikube 集群
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使用 Katacoda
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: {{< kat-button >}}
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本地
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: 如果已经在本地[安装Minikube](/zh/docs/tasks/tools/#minikube)，
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请运行 `minikube start` 创建一个集群。
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<!--
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## Enable the Ingress controller
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1. To enable the NGINX Ingress controller, run the following command:
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-->
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## 启用 Ingress 控制器
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1. 为了启用 NGINIX Ingress 控制器，可以运行下面的命令：
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```shell
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minikube addons enable ingress
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```
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<!--
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1. Verify that the NGINX Ingress controller is running
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-->
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2. 检查验证 NGINX Ingress 控制器处于运行状态：
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{{< tabs name="tab_with_md" >}}
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{{% tab name="minikube v1.19 或更高版本" %}}
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```shell
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kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
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```
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<!-- It can take up to a minute before you see these pods running OK. -->
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{{< note >}}最多可能需要等待一分钟才能看到这些 Pod 运行正常。{{< /note >}}
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<!-- The output is similar to: -->
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输出类似于：
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```
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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ingress-nginx-admission-create-g9g49 0/1 Completed 0 11m
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ingress-nginx-admission-patch-rqp78 0/1 Completed 1 11m
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ingress-nginx-controller-59b45fb494-26npt 1/1 Running 0 11m
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```
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{{% /tab %}}
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{{% tab name="minikube v1.18.1 或更早版本" %}}
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```shell
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kubectl get pods -n kube-system
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```
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<!-- It can take up to a minute before you see these pods running OK. -->
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{{< note >}}最多可能需要等待一分钟才能看到这些 Pod 运行正常。{{< /note >}}
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<!-- The output is similar to: -->
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输出类似于：
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```
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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default-http-backend-59868b7dd6-xb8tq 1/1 Running 0 1m
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kube-addon-manager-minikube 1/1 Running 0 3m
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kube-dns-6dcb57bcc8-n4xd4 3/3 Running 0 2m
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kubernetes-dashboard-5498ccf677-b8p5h 1/1 Running 0 2m
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nginx-ingress-controller-5984b97644-rnkrg 1/1 Running 0 1m
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storage-provisioner 1/1 Running 0 2m
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```
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<!--
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Make sure that you see a Pod with a name that starts with `nginx-ingress-controller-`.
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-->
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请确保可以在输出中看到一个名称以 `nginx-ingress-controller-` 为前缀的 Pod。
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{{% /tab %}}
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{{< /tabs >}}
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<!--
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## Deploy a hello, world app
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1. Create a Deployment using the following command:
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-->
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## 部署一个 Hello World 应用
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1. 使用下面的命令创建一个 Deployment：
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```shell
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kubectl create deployment web --image=gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0
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```
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<!--The output should be:-->
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输出：
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```
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deployment.apps/web created
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```
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<!--
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1. Expose the Deployment:
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-->
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2. 将 Deployment 暴露出来：
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```shell
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kubectl expose deployment web --type=NodePort --port=8080
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```
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<!--The output should be:-->
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输出：
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```
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service/web exposed
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```
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<!--
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1. Verify the Service is created and is available on a node port:
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-->
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3. 验证 Service 已经创建，并且可能从节点端口访问：
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```shell
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kubectl get service web
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```
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<!-- The output is similar to: -->
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输出类似于：
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```shell
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NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
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web NodePort 10.104.133.249 <none> 8080:31637/TCP 12m
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```
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<!--
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1. Visit the service via NodePort:
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-->
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4. 使用节点端口信息访问服务：
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```shell
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minikube service web --url
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```
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<!-- The output is similar to: -->
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输出类似于：
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```shell
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http://172.17.0.15:31637
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```
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<!--
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Katacoda environment only: at the top of the terminal panel, click the plus sign, and then click **Select port to view on Host 1**. Enter the NodePort, in this case `31637`, and then click **Display Port**.
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-->
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{{< note >}}
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如果使用的是 Katacoda 环境，在终端面板顶端，请点击加号标志。
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然后点击 **Select port to view on Host 1**。
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输入节点和端口号（这里是`31637`），之后点击 **Display Port**。
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{{< /note >}}
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<!-- The output is similar to: -->
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输出类似于：
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```shell
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Hello, world!
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Version: 1.0.0
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Hostname: web-55b8c6998d-8k564
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```
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<!--
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You can now access the sample app via the Minikube IP address and NodePort. The next step lets you access
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the app using the Ingress resource.
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-->
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你现在应该可以通过 Minikube 的 IP 地址和节点端口来访问示例应用了。
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下一步是让自己能够通过 Ingress 资源来访问应用。
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<!--
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## Create an Ingress
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The following manifest defines an Ingress that sends traffic to your Service via hello-world.info.
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1. Create `example-ingress.yaml` from the following file:
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-->
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## 创建一个 Ingress
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下面是一个定义 Ingress 的配置文件，负责通过 `hello-world.info` 将请求
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转发到你的服务。
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1. 根据下面的 YAML 创建文件 `example-ingress.yaml`：
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{{< codenew file="service/networking/example-ingress.yaml" >}}
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<!--
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1. Create the Ingress object by running the following command:
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-->
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2. 通过运行下面的命令创建 Ingress 对象：
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```shell
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kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/service/networking/example-ingress.yaml
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```
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<!-- The output should be: -->
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输出：
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```
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ingress.networking.k8s.io/example-ingress created
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```
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<!--
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1. Verify the IP address is set:
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-->
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3. 验证 IP 地址已被设置：
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```shell
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kubectl get ingress
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```
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<!-- This can take a couple of minutes. -->
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{{< note >}}
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此操作可能需要几分钟时间。
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{{< /note >}}
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<!-- You should see an IPv4 address in the ADDRESS column; for example: -->
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接下来你将会在ADDRESS列中看到IPv4地址，例如：
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```
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NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
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example-ingress <none> hello-world.info 172.17.0.15 80 38s
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```
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<!--
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1. Add the following line to the bottom of the `/etc/hosts` file on
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your computer (you will need administrator access):
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-->
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4. 在 `/etc/hosts` 文件的末尾添加以下内容（需要管理员访问权限）：
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<!--
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If you are running Minikube locally, use `minikube ip` to get the external IP. The IP address displayed within the ingress list will be the internal IP.
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-->
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{{< note >}}
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如果你在本地运行 Minikube 环境，需要使用 `minikube ip` 获得外部 IP 地址。
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Ingress 列表中显示的 IP 地址会是内部 IP 地址。
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{{< /note >}}
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```
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172.17.0.15 hello-world.info
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```
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<!--
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After you make this change, your web browser sends requests for
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hello-world.info URLs to Minikube.
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-->
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添加完成后，在浏览器中访问URL `hello-world.info`，请求将被发送到 Minikube。
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<!--
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1. Verify that the Ingress controller is directing traffic:
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-->
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5. 验证 Ingress 控制器能够转发请求流量：
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```shell
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curl hello-world.info
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```
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<!-- You should see: -->
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你应该看到类似输出：
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```
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Hello, world!
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Version: 1.0.0
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Hostname: web-55b8c6998d-8k564
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```
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<!--
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If you are running Minikube locally, you can visit hello-world.info from your browser.
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-->
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{{< note >}}
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如果你在使用本地 Minikube 环境，你可以从浏览器中访问 hello-world.info。
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{{< /note >}}
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<!--
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## Create a second Deployment
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1. Create another Deployment using the following command:
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-->
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## 创建第二个 Deployment
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1. 使用下面的命令创建第二个 Deployment：
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```shell
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kubectl create deployment web2 --image=gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:2.0
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```
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<!-- The output should be: -->
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输出：
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```
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deployment.apps/web2 created
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```
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<!--
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1. Expose the second Deployment:
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-->
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2. 将第二个 Deployment 暴露出来：
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```shell
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kubectl expose deployment web2 --port=8080 --type=NodePort
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```
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<!-- The output should be: -->
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输出：
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```
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service/web2 exposed
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```
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<!--
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## Edit the existing Ingress {#edit-ingress}
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1. Edit the existing `example-ingress.yaml` manifest, and add the
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following lines at the end:
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-->
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## 编辑现有的 Ingress {#edit-ingress}
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1. 编辑现有的 `example-ingress.yaml`，在文件最后添加以下行：
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```yaml
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- path: /v2
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pathType: Prefix
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backend:
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service:
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name: web2
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port:
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number: 8080
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```
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<!--
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1. Apply the changes:
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-->
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2. 应用变更：
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```shell
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kubectl apply -f example-ingress.yaml
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```
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<!-- You should see: -->
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输出：
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```
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ingress.networking/example-ingress configured
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```
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<!--
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## Test Your Ingress
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1. Access the 1st version of the Hello World app.
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-->
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## 测试你的 Ingress
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1. 访问 HelloWorld 应用的第一个版本：
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```shell
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curl hello-world.info
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```
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<!-- The output is similar to: -->
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输出类似于：
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```
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Hello, world!
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Version: 1.0.0
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Hostname: web-55b8c6998d-8k564
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```
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<!--
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1. Access the 2nd version of the Hello World app.
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-->
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2. 访问 HelloWorld 应用的第二个版本：
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```shell
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curl hello-world.info/v2
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```
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<!-- The output is similar to: -->
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输出类似于：
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```
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Hello, world!
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Version: 2.0.0
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Hostname: web2-75cd47646f-t8cjk
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```
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<!--
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If you are running Minikube locally, you can visit hello-world.info and hello-world.info/v2 from your browser.
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-->
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{{< note >}}
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如果你在本地运行 Minikube 环境，你可以使用浏览器来访问
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hello-world.info 和 hello-world.info/v2。
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{{< /note >}}
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## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
|
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|
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<!--
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* Read more about [Ingress](/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/)
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* Read more about [Ingress Controllers](/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers/)
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* Read more about [Services](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/)
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-->
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* 进一步了解 [Ingress](/zh/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/)。
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* 进一步了解 [Ingress 控制器](/zh/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers/)
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* 进一步了解 [服务](/zh/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/)
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