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---
title: SQL math functions
list_title: Math functions
description: >
Use math functions to perform mathematical operations in SQL queries.
menu:
influxdb_cloud_serverless:
name: Math
parent: sql-functions
weight: 306
---
The InfluxDB SQL implementation supports the following math functions for
performing mathematic operations:
- [abs](#abs)
- [acos](#acos)
- [asin](#asin)
- [atan](#atan)
- [atan2](#atan2)
- [ceil](#ceil)
- [cos](#cos)
- [exp](#exp)
- [floor](#floor)
- [ln](#ln)
- [log](#log)
- [log10](#log10)
- [log2](#log2)
- [power](#power)
- [pow](#pow)
- [random](#random)
- [round](#round)
- [signum](#signum)
- [sin](#sin)
- [sqrt](#sqrt)
- [tan](#tan)
- [trunc](#trunc)
## abs
Returns the absolute value of a number.
```sql
abs(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `abs` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT abs(temp) AS abs FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| abs |
| ---: |
| 21 |
| 23 |
| 22.7 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## acos
Returns the arc cosine or inverse cosine of a number.
```sql
acos(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `acos` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT acos(temp * .01) AS acos FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| acos |
| -----------------: |
| 1.359221367036801 |
| 1.3387186439321834 |
| 1.3418001704498232 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## asin
Returns the arc sine or inverse sine of a number.
```sql
asin(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `asin` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT asin(temp * .01) AS asin FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| asin |
| ------------------: |
| 0.2115749597580956 |
| 0.23207768286271319 |
| 0.22899615634507337 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## atan
Returns the arc tangent or inverse tangent of a number.
```sql
atan(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `atan` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT atan(temp * .01) AS atan FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| atan |
| ------------------: |
| 0.206992194219821 |
| 0.22606838799388393 |
| 0.22321725383717603 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## atan2
Returns the arc tangent or inverse tangent of `expression_y / expression_x`.
```sql
atan2(expression_y, expression_x)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression_y**: First numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
- **expression_x**: Second numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `atan2` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT atan2(temp, hum) AS atan2 FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| atan2 |
| -----------------: |
| 0.5292859396993504 |
| 0.5660139100632452 |
| 0.5613335864315844 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## ceil
Returns the nearest integer greater than or equal to a number.
```sql
ceil(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `ceil` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT ceil(temp) AS ceil FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| ceil |
| ---: |
| 21 |
| 23 |
| 23 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## cos
Returns the cosine of a number.
```sql
cos(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `cos` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT cos(temp) AS cos FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| cos |
| ------------------: |
| -0.5477292602242684 |
| -0.5328330203333975 |
| -0.7591100556583898 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## exp
Returns the base-e exponential of a number.
```sql
exp(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to use as the exponent.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `exp` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT exp(temp) AS exp FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| exp |
| -----------------: |
| 1318815734.4832146 |
| 9744803446.248903 |
| 7219127949.943179 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## floor
Returns the nearest integer less than or equal to a number.
```sql
floor(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `floor` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT floor(temp) AS floor FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| floor |
| ----: |
| 21 |
| 23 |
| 22 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## ln
Returns the natural logarithm of a number.
```sql
ln(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `ln` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT ln(temp) AS ln FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| ln |
| -----------------: |
| 3.044522437723423 |
| 3.1354942159291497 |
| 3.122364924487357 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## log
Returns the base-x logarithm of a number.
```
log([base, ]numeric_expression)
```
#### Arguments
- **base**: Base numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
Default is `10`.
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `log` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in the
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT
temp,
log(2, temp) AS temp_log2,
log(4, temp) AS temp_log4,
log(temp) AS temp_log10
FROM home
LIMIT 3
```
| temp | temp_log2 | temp_log4 | temp_log10 |
| :--- | ----------------: | -----------------: | -----------------: |
| 21 | 4.392317422778761 | 2.1961587113893803 | 1.322219294733919 |
| 23 | 4.523561956057013 | 2.2617809780285065 | 1.3617278360175928 |
| 22.7 | 4.504620392403553 | 2.2523101962017766 | 1.3560258571931225 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## log10
Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number.
```sql
log10(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `log10` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT log10(temp) AS log10 FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| log10 |
| -----------------: |
| 1.3222192947339193 |
| 1.3617278360175928 |
| 1.3560258571931227 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## log2
Returns the base-2 logarithm of a number.
```sql
log2(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `log2` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT log2(temp) AS log2 FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| log2 |
| ----------------: |
| 4.392317422778761 |
| 4.523561956057013 |
| 4.504620392403552 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## power
Returns a base expression raised to the power of an exponent.
```sql
power(base, exponent)
```
##### Aliases
- `pow`
##### Arguments
- **base**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
- **exponent**: Exponent numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `power` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT power(temp, hum * .1) AS power FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| power |
| -----------------: |
| 55817.099910217476 |
| 85007.01501569824 |
| 78569.38332452129 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## `pow`
_Alias of [power](#power)._
## random
Returns a random float value between 0 and 1.
The random seed is unique to each row.
```sql
random()
```
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `random` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT temp * random() AS random FROM home LIMIT 3
```
{{% note %}}
Due to the nature of the function, your results will not match the results below.
{{% /note %}}
| random |
| -----------------: |
| 0.5030770374815072 |
| 12.938847036567514 |
| 2.8204596545385385 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## round
Rounds a number to the nearest integer.
```sql
round(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `round` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT round(temp) AS round FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| round |
| ----: |
| 21 |
| 23 |
| 23 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## signum
Returns the sign of a number.
Negative numbers return `-1`.
Zero and positive numbers return `1`.
```sql
signum(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `signum` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT signum(temp - 23) AS signum FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| signum |
| -----: |
| -1 |
| 1 |
| -1 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## sin
Returns the sine of a number.
```sql
sin(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sin` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT sin(temp) AS sin FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| sin |
| ------------------: |
| 0.8366556385360561 |
| -0.8462204041751706 |
| -0.6509623056662469 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## sqrt
Returns the square root of a number.
```sql
sqrt(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sqrt` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT sqrt(temp) AS sqrt FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| sqrt |
| ----------------: |
| 4.58257569495584 |
| 4.795831523312719 |
| 4.764451699828638 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## tan
Returns the tangent of a number.
```sql
tan(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `tan` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT tan(temp) AS tan FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| tan |
| ------------------: |
| -1.5274985276366035 |
| 1.5881530833912738 |
| 0.8575335036257101 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## trunc
Truncates a number toward zero (at the decimal point).
```sql
trunc(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `trunc` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/cloud-serverless/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT trunc(temp) AS trunc FROM home LIMIT 3
```
| trunc |
| ----: |
| 21 |
| 23 |
| 22 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
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