diff --git a/pkg/util/indexparamcheck/ivf_pq_checker.go b/pkg/util/indexparamcheck/ivf_pq_checker.go
index 51da64e0ff..4c35f193c4 100644
--- a/pkg/util/indexparamcheck/ivf_pq_checker.go
+++ b/pkg/util/indexparamcheck/ivf_pq_checker.go
@@ -33,10 +33,14 @@ func (c *ivfPQChecker) checkPQParams(params map[string]string) error {
 	// nbits can be set to default: 8
 	nbitsStr, nbitsExist := params[NBITS]
 	if nbitsExist {
-		_, err := strconv.Atoi(nbitsStr)
+		nbits, err := strconv.Atoi(nbitsStr)
 		if err != nil { // invalid nbits
 			return fmt.Errorf("invalid nbits: %s", nbitsStr)
 		}
+
+		if nbits < 1 || nbits > 64 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parameter `nbits` out of range, expect range [1,64], current value: %d", nbits)
+		}
 	}
 
 	mStr, ok := params[IVFM]
diff --git a/pkg/util/indexparamcheck/ivf_pq_checker_test.go b/pkg/util/indexparamcheck/ivf_pq_checker_test.go
index b4de37579f..4a22d45542 100644
--- a/pkg/util/indexparamcheck/ivf_pq_checker_test.go
+++ b/pkg/util/indexparamcheck/ivf_pq_checker_test.go
@@ -46,6 +46,10 @@ func Test_ivfPQChecker_CheckTrain(t *testing.T) {
 
 	invalidParamsNbits := copyParams(validParams)
 	invalidParamsNbits[NBITS] = "NAN"
+	invalidParamsNbitsLower := copyParams(validParams)
+	invalidParamsNbitsLower[NBITS] = "0"
+	invalidParamsNbitsUpper := copyParams(validParams)
+	invalidParamsNbitsUpper[NBITS] = "65"
 
 	invalidParamsWithoutIVF := map[string]string{
 		DIM:    strconv.Itoa(128),
@@ -123,6 +127,8 @@ func Test_ivfPQChecker_CheckTrain(t *testing.T) {
 		{validParamsWithoutDim, false},
 		{invalidParamsDim, false},
 		{invalidParamsNbits, false},
+		{invalidParamsNbitsLower, false},
+		{invalidParamsNbitsUpper, false},
 		{invalidParamsWithoutIVF, false},
 		{invalidParamsIVF, false},
 		{invalidParamsMzero, false},