# Development

This document will help to set up your Milvus development environment and to run tests. Please [file an issue](https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/issues/new/choose) if there's a problem.

# Table of contents

- [Development](#development)
- [Table of contents](#table-of-contents)
  - [Building Milvus with Docker](#building-milvus-with-docker)
  - [Building Milvus on a local OS/shell environment](#building-milvus-on-a-local-osshell-environment)
    - [Hardware Requirements](#hardware-requirements)
    - [Software Requirements](#software-requirements)
      - [Prerequisites](#prerequisites)
      - [Installing Dependencies](#installing-dependencies)
      - [Caveats](#caveats)
      - [CMake \& Conan](#cmake--conan)
      - [Go](#go)
      - [Docker \& Docker Compose](#docker--docker-compose)
    - [Building Milvus](#building-milvus)
  - [Building Milvus v2.3.4 arm image to support ky10 sp3](#building-milvus-v234-arm-image-to-support-ky10-sp3)
    - [Software Requirements](#software-requirements)
      - [Install cmake](#install-cmake)
      - [Installing Dependencies](#installing-dependencies)
      - [Install conan](#install-conan)
      - [Install GO 1.80](#install-go-180)
      - [Download source code](#download-source-code)
      - [Check OS PAGESIZE](#check-os-pagesize)
      - [Modify the MILVUS_JEMALLOC_LG_PAGE setting](#modify-the-milvus_jemalloc_lg_page-setting)
    - [Build Image](#build-image)
  - [A Quick Start for Testing Milvus](#a-quick-start-for-testing-milvus)
    - [Pre-submission Verification](#pre-submission-verification)
    - [Unit Tests](#unit-tests)
    - [Code coverage](#code-coverage)
    - [E2E Tests](#e2e-tests)
    - [Test on local branch](#test-on-local-branch)
      - [With Linux and MacOS](#with-linux-and-macos)
      - [With docker](#with-docker)
  - [GitHub Flow](#github-flow)
  - [FAQs](#faqs)

## Building Milvus with Docker

Our official Milvus versions are releases as Docker images. To build Milvus Docker on your own, please follow [these instructions](https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/blob/master/build/README.md).

## Building Milvus on a local OS/shell environment

The details below outline the hardware and software requirements for building on Linux and MacOS.

### Hardware Requirements

The following specification (either physical or virtual machine resources) is recommended for Milvus to build and run from source code.

```
- 8GB of RAM
- 50GB of free disk space
```

### Software Requirements

All Linux distributions are available for Milvus development. However a majority of our contributor worked with Ubuntu or CentOS systems, with a small portion of Mac (both x86_64 and Apple Silicon) contributors. If you would like Milvus to build and run on other distributions, you are more than welcome to file an issue and contribute!

Here's a list of verified OS types where Milvus can successfully build and run:

- Debian/Ubuntu
- Amazon Linux
- MacOS (x86_64)
- MacOS (Apple Silicon)

### Compiler Setup
You can use Vscode to integrate C++ and Go together. Please replace user.settings file with below configs:
```bash
{
    "go.toolsEnvVars": {
        "PKG_CONFIG_PATH": "/Users/zilliz/milvus/internal/core/output/lib/pkgconfig:/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib64/pkgconfig",
        "LD_LIBRARY_PATH": "/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib:/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib64",
        "RPATH": "/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib:/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib64"
    },
    "go.testEnvVars": {
        "PKG_CONFIG_PATH": "/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib/pkgconfig:/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib64/pkgconfig",
        "LD_LIBRARY_PATH": "/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib:/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib64",
        "RPATH": "/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib:/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib64"
    },
    "go.buildFlags": [
        "-ldflags=-r /Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib"
    ],
    "terminal.integrated.env.linux": {
        "PKG_CONFIG_PATH": "/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib/pkgconfig:/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib64/pkgconfig",
        "LD_LIBRARY_PATH": "/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib:/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib64",
        "RPATH": "/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib:/Users/zilliz/workspace/milvus/internal/core/output/lib64"
    },
    "go.useLanguageServer": true,
    "gopls": {
        "formatting.gofumpt": true
    },
    "go.formatTool": "gofumpt",
    "go.lintTool": "golangci-lint",
    "go.testTags": "dynamic",
    "go.testTimeout": "10m"
}
```

#### Prerequisites

Linux systems (Recommend Ubuntu 20.04 or later):

```bash
go: >= 1.21
cmake: >= 3.18
gcc: 7.5
conan: 1.61
```

MacOS systems with x86_64 (Big Sur 11.5 or later recommended):

```bash
go: >= 1.21
cmake: >= 3.18
llvm: >= 15
conan: 1.61
```

MacOS systems with Apple Silicon (Monterey 12.0.1 or later recommended):

```bash
go: >= 1.21 (Arch=ARM64)
cmake: >= 3.18
llvm: >= 15
conan: 1.61
```

#### Installing Dependencies

In the Milvus repository root, simply run:

```bash
$ ./scripts/install_deps.sh
```

#### Caveats

- [Google Test](https://github.com/google/googletest.git) is automatically cloned from GitHub, which in some case could conflict with your local google test library.

Once you have finished, confirm that `gcc` and `make` are installed:

```shell
$ gcc --version
$ make --version
```

#### CMake & Conan

The algorithm library of Milvus, Knowhere is written in c++. CMake is required in the Milvus compilation. If you don't have it, please follow the instructions in the [Installing CMake](https://cmake.org/install/).

Confirm that cmake is available:

```shell
$ cmake --version
```

Note: 3.25 or higher cmake version is required to build Milvus.

Milvus uses Conan to manage third-party dependencies for c++.

Install Conan

```shell
pip install conan==1.61.0
```

Note: Conan version 2.x is not currently supported, please use version 1.61.

#### Go

Milvus is written in [Go](http://golang.org/). If you don't have a Go development environment, please follow the instructions in the [Go Getting Started guide](https://golang.org/doc/install).

Confirm that your `GOPATH` and `GOBIN` environment variables are correctly set as detailed in [How to Write Go Code](https://golang.org/doc/code.html) before proceeding.

```shell
$ go version
```
Note: go >= 1.21 is required to build Milvus.

#### Docker & Docker Compose

Milvus depends on etcd, Pulsar and MinIO. Using Docker Compose to manage these is an easy way in local development. To install Docker and Docker Compose in your development environment, follow the instructions from the Docker website below:

- Docker: https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/
- Docker Compose: https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/

### Building Milvus

To build the Milvus project, run the following command:

```shell
$ make
```

If this command succeed, you will now have an executable at `bin/milvus` off of your Milvus project directory.

If you want to update proto file before `make`, we can use the following command:

```shell
$ make generated-proto-go
```

If you want to know more, you can read Makefile.
## Building Milvus v2.3.4 arm image to support ky10 sp3

### Software Requirements
The details below outline the software requirements for building on Ubuntu 20.04
#### Install cmake

```bash
apt update
wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.27.9/cmake-3.27.9-linux-aarch64.tar.gz
tar zxf cmake-3.27.9-linux-aarch64.tar.gz 
mv cmake-3.27.9-linux-aarch64 /usr/local/cmake
vi /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cmake/bin
source /etc/profile
cmake --version
```

#### Installing Dependencies

```bash
sudo apt install -y clang-format clang-tidy ninja-build gcc g++ curl zip unzip tar
```

#### Install conan

```bash
# Verify python3 version, need python3 version > 3.8
python3 --version
# pip install conan 1.61.0
pip3 install conan==1.61.0
```

#### Install GO 1.80

```bash
wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.21.10.linux-arm64.tar.gz
tar zxf go1.21.10.linux-arm64.tar.gz
mv ./go /usr/local
vi /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
source /etc/profile
go version
```

#### Download source code

```bash
git clone https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus.git
git checkout v2.3.4
cd ./milvus
```

#### Check OS PAGESIZE 

```bash
getconf PAGESIZE
```

The PAGESIZE for the ky10 SP3 operating system is 65536, which is 64KB.

#### Modify the MILVUS_JEMALLOC_LG_PAGE setting

The `MILVUS_JEMALLOC_LG_PAGE` variable's primary function is to specify the size of large pages during the compilation of jemalloc. Jemalloc is a memory allocator designed to enhance the performance and efficiency of applications in a multi-threaded environment. By specifying the size of large pages, memory management and access can be optimized, thereby improving performance.

Large page support allows the operating system to manage and allocate memory in larger blocks, reducing the number of page table entries, thereby decreasing the time for page table lookups and improving the efficiency of memory access. This is particularly important when processing large amounts of data, as it can significantly reduce page faults and Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) misses, enhancing application performance.

On ARM64 architectures, different systems may support different page sizes, such as 4KB and 64KB. The `MILVUS_JEMALLOC_LG_PAGE` setting allows developers to customize the compilation of jemalloc for the target platform, ensuring it can efficiently operate on systems with varying page sizes. By specifying the `--with-lg-page` configuration option, jemalloc can utilize the optimal page size supported by the system when managing memory.

For example, if a system supports a 64KB page size, by setting `MILVUS_JEMALLOC_LG_PAGE` to the corresponding value (the power of 2, 64KB is 2 to the 16th power, so the value is 16), jemalloc can allocate and manage memory in 64KB units, which can improve the performance of applications running on that system.

Modify the make configuration file, located at: `./milvus/scripts/core_build.sh`, with the following changes:

```diff
arch=$(uname -m)
CMAKE_CMD="cmake \
${CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS} \
 -DBUILD_UNIT_TEST=${BUILD_UNITTEST} \
 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${INSTALL_PREFIX}
 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${BUILD_TYPE} \
 -DCMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER=${CUDA_COMPILER} \
 -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE=${arch} \
 -DBUILD_COVERAGE=${BUILD_COVERAGE} \
 -DMILVUS_GPU_VERSION=${GPU_VERSION} \
 -DMILVUS_CUDA_ARCH=${CUDA_ARCH} \
 -DEMBEDDED_MILVUS=${EMBEDDED_MILVUS} \
 -DBUILD_DISK_ANN=${BUILD_DISK_ANN} \
+ -DMILVUS_JEMALLOC_LG_PAGE=16 \
 -DUSE_ASAN=${USE_ASAN} \
 -DUSE_DYNAMIC_SIMD=${USE_DYNAMIC_SIMD} \
 -DCPU_ARCH=${CPU_ARCH} \
 -DINDEX_ENGINE=${INDEX_ENGINE} "
if [ -z "$BUILD_WITHOUT_AZURE" ]; then
CMAKE_CMD=${CMAKE_CMD}"-DAZURE_BUILD_DIR=${AZURE_BUILD_DIR} \
 -DVCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET=${VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET} "
fi
CMAKE_CMD=${CMAKE_CMD}"${CPP_SRC_DIR}"
```

Using `-DMILVUS_JEMALLOC_LG_PAGE=16` as a compilation option for jemalloc is because it specifies the size

of "large pages" as 2 to the 16th power bytes, which equals 65536 bytes or 64KB. This value is set to optimize memory management and improve performance, especially on systems that support or prefer using large pages to reduce the overhead of page table management.

Specifying `-DMILVUS_JEMALLOC_LG_PAGE=16` during the compilation of jemalloc informs jemalloc to assume the system's large page size is 64KB. This allows jemalloc to work more efficiently with the operating system's memory manager, using large pages to optimize performance. This is crucial for ensuring optimal performance on systems with different default page sizes, particularly in environments that might have different memory management needs due to varying hardware or system configurations.

### Build Image

```bash
cd ./milvus
cp build/docker/milvus/ubuntu20.04/Dockerfile .
```

Modify the Dockerfile as follows:

```dockerfile
# Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Zilliz. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License
# is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
# or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.

FROM ubuntu:focal-20220426

ARG TARGETARCH

RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends curl ca-certificates libaio-dev libgomp1 && \
    apt-get remove --purge -y && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

COPY ./bin/ /milvus/bin/

COPY ./configs/ /milvus/configs/

COPY ./internal/core/output/lib/ /milvus/lib/

ENV PATH=/milvus/bin:$PATH
ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/milvus/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/lib
ENV LD_PRELOAD=/milvus/lib/libjemalloc.so
ENV MALLOC_CONF=background_thread:true

# Add Tini
ADD https://github.com/krallin/tini/releases/download/v0.19.0/tini-$TARGETARCH /tini
RUN chmod +x /tini
ENTRYPOINT ["/tini", "--"]

WORKDIR /milvus/
```

Build command: `docker build -t ghostbaby/milvus:v2.3.4_arm64 . `

Verify the image: `docker run ghostbaby/milvus:v2.3.4_arm64 milvus run proxy`

## A Quick Start for Testing Milvus

### Pre-submission Verification

Pre-submission verification provides a battery of checks and tests to give your pull request the best chance of being accepted. Developers need to run as many verification tests as possible locally.

To run all pre-submission verification tests, use this command:

```shell
$ make verifiers
```

### Unit Tests

It is required that all pull request candidates should pass all Milvus unit tests.

Beforce running unit tests, you need to first bring up the Milvus deployment environment.
You may set up a local docker environment with our docker compose yaml file to start unit testing.
For Apple Silicon users (Apple M1):

```shell
$ cd deployments/docker/dev
$ docker-compose -f docker-compose-apple-silicon.yml up -d
$ cd ../../../
$ make unittest
```

For others:

```shell
$ cd deployments/docker/dev
$ docker-compose up -d
$ cd ../../../
$ make unittest
```

To run only cpp test:

```shell
$ make test-cpp
```

To run only go test:

```shell
$ make test-go
```

To run a single test case (TestSearchTask in /internal/proxy directory, for example):

```shell
$ source scripts/setenv.sh && go test -v ./internal/proxy/ -test.run TestSearchTask
```

If using Mac with M1 chip

```
$ source scripts/setenv.sh && go test -tags=dynamic -v ./internal/proxy/ -test.run TestSearchTask
```

### Code coverage

Before submitting your pull request, make sure your code change is covered by unit test. Use the following commands to check code coverage rate:

Run unit test and generate code coverage report:

```shell
$ make codecov
```

This command will generate html report for Golang and C++ respectively.
For Golang report, open the `go_coverage.html` under milvus project path.
For C++ report, open the `cpp_coverage/index.html` under milvus project path.

You also can generate Golang coverage report by:

```shell
$ make codecov-go
```

Or C++ coverage report by:

```shell
$ make codecov-cpp
```

### E2E Tests

Milvus uses Python SDK to write test cases to verify the correctness of Milvus functions. Before running E2E tests, you need a running Milvus. There are two modes of operation to build Milvus — Milvus Standalone and Milvus Cluster. Milvus Standalone operates independently as a single instance. Milvus Cluster operates across multiple nodes. All milvus instances are clustered together to form a unified system to support larger volumes of data and higher traffic loads.

Both include three components:

1. Milvus: The core functional component.
2. Etcd: The metadata engine. Access and store metadata of Milvus’ internal components.
3. MinIO: The storage engine. Responsible for data persistence for Milvus.
Milvus Cluster includes further component — Pulsar, to be distributed through Pub/Sub mechanism.

```shell
# Running Milvus cluster
$ cd deployments/docker/dev
$ docker-compose up -d
$ cd ../../../
$ ./scripts/start_cluster.sh

# Or running Milvus standalone
$ cd deployments/docker/dev
$ docker-compose up -d
$ cd ../../../
$ ./scripts/start_standalone.sh
```

To run E2E tests, use these commands:

```shell
$ cd tests/python_client
$ pip install -r requirements.txt
$ pytest --tags=L0 -n auto
```

### Test on local branch

#### With Linux and MacOS

After preparing deployment environment, we can start the cluster on your host machine

```shell
$ ./scripts/start_cluster.sh
```

#### With docker

start the cluster on your host machine

```shell
$ ./build/builder.sh make install // build milvus
$ ./build/build_image.sh // build milvus latest docker image
$ docker images // check if milvus latest image is ready
REPOSITORY                 TAG                                 IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
milvusdb/milvus            latest                              63c62ff7c1b7   52 minutes ago   570MB
$ install with docker compose
```

## GitHub Flow

To check out code to work on, please refer to the [GitHub Flow](https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/).

## FAQs

Q: The go building phase fails on Apple Silicon (Mac M1) machines.

A: Please double-check that you have [right Go version](https://go.dev/dl/) installed, i.e. with OS=macOS and Arch=ARM64.

---

Q: "make" fails with "_ld: library not found for -lSystem_" on MacOS.

A: There are a couple of things you could try:

1. Use **Software Update** (from **About this Mac** -> **Overview**) to install updates.
2. Try the following commands:

```bash
sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools
sudo xcode-select --install
```

---

Q: Rocksdb fails to compile with "_ld: warning: object file was built for newer macOS version (11.6) than being linked (11.0)._" on MacOS.

A: Use **Software Update** (from **About this Mac** -> **Overview**) to install updates.

---

Q: Some Go unit tests failed.

A: We are aware that some tests can be flaky occasionally. If there's something you believe is abnormal (i.e. tests that fail every single time). You are more than welcome to [file an issue](https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/issues/new/choose)!

---

Q: Brew: Unexpected Disconnect while reading sideband packet
```bash
==> Tapping homebrew/core
remote: Enumerating objects: 1107077, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (228/228), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (157/157), done.
error: 545 bytes of body are still expected.44 MiB | 341.00 KiB/s
fetch-pack: unexpected disconnect while reading sideband packet
fatal: early EOF
fatal: index-pack failed
Failed during: git fetch --force origin refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master
```

A: try to increase http post buffer
```bash
git config --global http.postBuffer 1M
```

---

Q: Brew: command not found” after installation

A: set up git config
```bash
git config --global user.email xxx
git config --global user.name xxx
```

---

Q: Docker: error getting credentials - err: exit status 1, out: ``

A: removing “credsStore”:from ~/.docker/config.json

---

Q: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'imp'

A: Python 3.12 has removed the imp module, please downgrade to 3.11 for now.

---

Q: Conan: Unrecognized arguments: — install-folder conan

A: The version is not correct. Please change to 1.61 for now.

---

Q: Conan command not found

A: Fixed by exporting Python bin PATH in your bash.

---

Q: Llvm: use of undeclared identifier ‘kSecFormatOpenSSL’

A: Reinstall llvm@15
```bash
brew reinstall llvm@15
export LDFLAGS="-L/opt/homebrew/opt/llvm@15/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/opt/llvm@15/include"
```