--- title: Well-Known Labels, Annotations and Taints content_type: concept weight: 20 --- Kubernetes reserves all labels and annotations in the kubernetes.io namespace. This document serves both as a reference to the values and as a coordination point for assigning values. ## kubernetes.io/arch Example: `kubernetes.io/arch=amd64` Used on: Node The Kubelet populates this with `runtime.GOARCH` as defined by Go. This can be handy if you are mixing arm and x86 nodes. ## kubernetes.io/os Example: `kubernetes.io/os=linux` Used on: Node The Kubelet populates this with `runtime.GOOS` as defined by Go. This can be handy if you are mixing operating systems in your cluster (for example: mixing Linux and Windows nodes). ## kubernetes.io/metadata.name Example: `kubernetes.io/metadata.name=mynamespace` Used on: Namespaces When the `NamespaceDefaultLabelName` [feature gate](/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/feature-gates/) is enabled, the Kubernetes API server sets this label on all namespaces. The label value is set to the name of the namespace. This is useful if you want to target a specific namespace with a label {{< glossary_tooltip text="selector" term_id="selector" >}}. ## beta.kubernetes.io/arch (deprecated) This label has been deprecated. Please use `kubernetes.io/arch` instead. ## beta.kubernetes.io/os (deprecated) This label has been deprecated. Please use `kubernetes.io/os` instead. ## kubernetes.io/hostname {#kubernetesiohostname} Example: `kubernetes.io/hostname=ip-172-20-114-199.ec2.internal` Used on: Node The Kubelet populates this label with the hostname. Note that the hostname can be changed from the "actual" hostname by passing the `--hostname-override` flag to the `kubelet`. This label is also used as part of the topology hierarchy. See [topology.kubernetes.io/zone](#topologykubernetesiozone) for more information. ## controller.kubernetes.io/pod-deletion-cost {#pod-deletion-cost} Example: `controller.kubernetes.io/pod-deletion-cost=10` Used on: Pod This annotation is used to set [Pod Deletion Cost](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset/#pod-deletion-cost) which allows users to influence ReplicaSet downscaling order. The annotation parses into an `int32` type. ## beta.kubernetes.io/instance-type (deprecated) {{< note >}} Starting in v1.17, this label is deprecated in favor of [node.kubernetes.io/instance-type](#nodekubernetesioinstance-type). {{< /note >}} ## node.kubernetes.io/instance-type {#nodekubernetesioinstance-type} Example: `node.kubernetes.io/instance-type=m3.medium` Used on: Node The Kubelet populates this with the instance type as defined by the `cloudprovider`. This will be set only if you are using a `cloudprovider`. This setting is handy if you want to target certain workloads to certain instance types, but typically you want to rely on the Kubernetes scheduler to perform resource-based scheduling. You should aim to schedule based on properties rather than on instance types (for example: require a GPU, instead of requiring a `g2.2xlarge`). ## failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/region (deprecated) {#failure-domainbetakubernetesioregion} See [topology.kubernetes.io/region](#topologykubernetesioregion). {{< note >}} Starting in v1.17, this label is deprecated in favor of [topology.kubernetes.io/region](#topologykubernetesioregion). {{< /note >}} ## failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone (deprecated) {#failure-domainbetakubernetesiozone} See [topology.kubernetes.io/zone](#topologykubernetesiozone). {{< note >}} Starting in v1.17, this label is deprecated in favor of [topology.kubernetes.io/zone](#topologykubernetesiozone). {{< /note >}} ## statefulset.kubernetes.io/pod-name {#statefulsetkubernetesiopod-name} Example: `statefulset.kubernetes.io/pod-name=mystatefulset-7` When a StatefulSet controller creates a Pod for the StatefulSet, the control plane sets this label on that Pod. The value of the label is the name of the Pod being created. See [Pod Name Label](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/statefulset/#pod-name-label) in the StatefulSet topic for more details. ## topology.kubernetes.io/region {#topologykubernetesioregion} Example: `topology.kubernetes.io/region=us-east-1` See [topology.kubernetes.io/zone](#topologykubernetesiozone). ## topology.kubernetes.io/zone {#topologykubernetesiozone} Example: `topology.kubernetes.io/zone=us-east-1c` Used on: Node, PersistentVolume On Node: The `kubelet` or the external `cloud-controller-manager` populates this with the information as provided by the `cloudprovider`. This will be set only if you are using a `cloudprovider`. However, you should consider setting this on nodes if it makes sense in your topology. On PersistentVolume: topology-aware volume provisioners will automatically set node affinity constraints on `PersistentVolumes`. A zone represents a logical failure domain. It is common for Kubernetes clusters to span multiple zones for increased availability. While the exact definition of a zone is left to infrastructure implementations, common properties of a zone include very low network latency within a zone, no-cost network traffic within a zone, and failure independence from other zones. For example, nodes within a zone might share a network switch, but nodes in different zones should not. A region represents a larger domain, made up of one or more zones. It is uncommon for Kubernetes clusters to span multiple regions, While the exact definition of a zone or region is left to infrastructure implementations, common properties of a region include higher network latency between them than within them, non-zero cost for network traffic between them, and failure independence from other zones or regions. For example, nodes within a region might share power infrastructure (e.g. a UPS or generator), but nodes in different regions typically would not. Kubernetes makes a few assumptions about the structure of zones and regions: 1) regions and zones are hierarchical: zones are strict subsets of regions and no zone can be in 2 regions 2) zone names are unique across regions; for example region "africa-east-1" might be comprised of zones "africa-east-1a" and "africa-east-1b" It should be safe to assume that topology labels do not change. Even though labels are strictly mutable, consumers of them can assume that a given node is not going to be moved between zones without being destroyed and recreated. Kubernetes can use this information in various ways. For example, the scheduler automatically tries to spread the Pods in a ReplicaSet across nodes in a single-zone cluster (to reduce the impact of node failures, see [kubernetes.io/hostname](#kubernetesiohostname)). With multiple-zone clusters, this spreading behavior also applies to zones (to reduce the impact of zone failures). This is achieved via _SelectorSpreadPriority_. _SelectorSpreadPriority_ is a best effort placement. If the zones in your cluster are heterogeneous (for example: different numbers of nodes, different types of nodes, or different pod resource requirements), this placement might prevent equal spreading of your Pods across zones. If desired, you can use homogenous zones (same number and types of nodes) to reduce the probability of unequal spreading. The scheduler (through the _VolumeZonePredicate_ predicate) also will ensure that Pods, that claim a given volume, are only placed into the same zone as that volume. Volumes cannot be attached across zones. If `PersistentVolumeLabel` does not support automatic labeling of your PersistentVolumes, you should consider adding the labels manually (or adding support for `PersistentVolumeLabel`). With `PersistentVolumeLabel`, the scheduler prevents Pods from mounting volumes in a different zone. If your infrastructure doesn't have this constraint, you don't need to add the zone labels to the volumes at all. ## node.kubernetes.io/windows-build {#nodekubernetesiowindows-build} Example: `node.kubernetes.io/windows-build=10.0.17763` Used on: Node When the kubelet is running on Microsoft Windows, it automatically labels its node to record the version of Windows Server in use. The label's value is in the format "MajorVersion.MinorVersion.BuildNumber". ## service.kubernetes.io/headless {#servicekubernetesioheadless} Example: `service.kubernetes.io/headless=""` Used on: Service The control plane adds this label to an Endpoints object when the owning Service is headless. ## kubernetes.io/service-name {#kubernetesioservice-name} Example: `kubernetes.io/service-name="nginx"` Used on: Service Kubernetes uses this label to differentiate multiple Services. Used currently for `ELB`(Elastic Load Balancer) only. ## endpointslice.kubernetes.io/managed-by {#endpointslicekubernetesiomanaged-by} Example: `endpointslice.kubernetes.io/managed-by="controller"` Used on: EndpointSlices The label is used to indicate the controller or entity that manages an EndpointSlice. This label aims to enable different EndpointSlice objects to be managed by different controllers or entities within the same cluster. ## endpointslice.kubernetes.io/skip-mirror {#endpointslicekubernetesioskip-mirror} Example: `endpointslice.kubernetes.io/skip-mirror="true"` Used on: Endpoints The label can be set to `"true"` on an Endpoints resource to indicate that the EndpointSliceMirroring controller should not mirror this resource with EndpointSlices. ## service.kubernetes.io/service-proxy-name {#servicekubernetesioservice-proxy-name} Example: `service.kubernetes.io/service-proxy-name="foo-bar"` Used on: Service The kube-proxy has this label for custom proxy, which delegates service control to custom proxy. ## experimental.windows.kubernetes.io/isolation-type (deprecated) {#experimental-windows-kubernetes-io-isolation-type} Example: `experimental.windows.kubernetes.io/isolation-type: "hyperv"` Used on: Pod The annotation is used to run Windows containers with Hyper-V isolation. To use Hyper-V isolation feature and create a Hyper-V isolated container, the kubelet should be started with feature gates HyperVContainer=true and the Pod should include the annotation experimental.windows.kubernetes.io/isolation-type=hyperv. {{< note >}} You can only set this annotation on Pods that have a single container. Starting from v1.20, this annotation is deprecated. Experimental Hyper-V support was removed in 1.21. {{< /note >}} ## ingressclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class Example: `ingressclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"` Used on: IngressClass When a single IngressClass resource has this annotation set to `"true"`, new Ingress resource without a class specified will be assigned this default class. ## kubernetes.io/ingress.class (deprecated) {{< note >}} Starting in v1.18, this annotation is deprecated in favor of `spec.ingressClassName`. {{< /note >}} ## storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class Example: `storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class=true` Used on: StorageClass When a single StorageClass resource has this annotation set to `"true"`, new PersistentVolumeClaim resource without a class specified will be assigned this default class. ## alpha.kubernetes.io/provided-node-ip Example: `alpha.kubernetes.io/provided-node-ip: "10.0.0.1"` Used on: Node The kubelet can set this annotation on a Node to denote its configured IPv4 address. When kubelet is started with the "external" cloud provider, it sets this annotation on the Node to denote an IP address set from the command line flag (`--node-ip`). This IP is verified with the cloud provider as valid by the cloud-controller-manager. ## batch.kubernetes.io/job-completion-index Example: `batch.kubernetes.io/job-completion-index: "3"` Used on: Pod The Job controller in the kube-controller-manager sets this annotation for Pods created with Indexed [completion mode](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/job/#completion-mode). ## kubectl.kubernetes.io/default-container Example: `kubectl.kubernetes.io/default-container: "front-end-app"` The value of the annotation is the container name that is default for this Pod. For example, `kubectl logs` or `kubectl exec` without `-c` or `--container` flag will use this default container. ## endpoints.kubernetes.io/over-capacity Example: `endpoints.kubernetes.io/over-capacity:truncated` Used on: Endpoints In Kubernetes clusters v1.22 (or later), the Endpoints controller adds this annotation to an Endpoints resource if it has more than 1000 endpoints. The annotation indicates that the Endpoints resource is over capacity and the number of endpoints has been truncated to 1000. ## batch.kubernetes.io/job-tracking Example: `batch.kubernetes.io/job-tracking: ""` Used on: Jobs The presence of this annotation on a Job indicates that the control plane is [tracking the Job status using finalizers](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/job/#job-tracking-with-finalizers). You should **not** manually add or remove this annotation. ## scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/preferAvoidPods (deprecated) {#scheduleralphakubernetesio-preferavoidpods} Used on: Nodes This annotation requires the [NodePreferAvoidPods scheduling plugin](/docs/reference/scheduling/config/#scheduling-plugins) to be enabled. The plugin is deprecated since Kubernetes 1.22. Use [Taints and Tolerations](/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/taint-and-toleration/) instead. **The taints listed below are always used on Nodes** ## node.kubernetes.io/not-ready Example: `node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute` The node controller detects whether a node is ready by monitoring its health and adds or removes this taint accordingly. ## node.kubernetes.io/unreachable Example: `node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute` The node controller adds the taint to a node corresponding to the [NodeCondition](/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/#condition) `Ready` being `Unknown`. ## node.kubernetes.io/unschedulable Example: `node.kubernetes.io/unschedulable:NoSchedule` The taint will be added to a node when initializing the node to avoid race condition. ## node.kubernetes.io/memory-pressure Example: `node.kubernetes.io/memory-pressure:NoSchedule` The kubelet detects memory pressure based on `memory.available` and `allocatableMemory.available` observed on a Node. The observed values are then compared to the corresponding thresholds that can be set on the kubelet to determine if the Node condition and taint should be added/removed. ## node.kubernetes.io/disk-pressure Example: `node.kubernetes.io/disk-pressure:NoSchedule` The kubelet detects disk pressure based on `imagefs.available`, `imagefs.inodesFree`, `nodefs.available` and `nodefs.inodesFree`(Linux only) observed on a Node. The observed values are then compared to the corresponding thresholds that can be set on the kubelet to determine if the Node condition and taint should be added/removed. ## node.kubernetes.io/network-unavailable Example: `node.kubernetes.io/network-unavailable:NoSchedule` This is initially set by the kubelet when the cloud provider used indicates a requirement for additional network configuration. Only when the route on the cloud is configured properly will the taint be removed by the cloud provider. ## node.kubernetes.io/pid-pressure Example: `node.kubernetes.io/pid-pressure:NoSchedule` The kubelet checks D-value of the size of `/proc/sys/kernel/pid_max` and the PIDs consumed by Kubernetes on a node to get the number of available PIDs that referred to as the `pid.available` metric. The metric is then compared to the corresponding threshold that can be set on the kubelet to determine if the node condition and taint should be added/removed. ## node.cloudprovider.kubernetes.io/uninitialized Example: `node.cloudprovider.kubernetes.io/uninitialized:NoSchedule` Sets this taint on a node to mark it as unusable, when kubelet is started with the "external" cloud provider, until a controller from the cloud-controller-manager initializes this node, and then removes the taint. ## node.cloudprovider.kubernetes.io/shutdown Example: `node.cloudprovider.kubernetes.io/shutdown:NoSchedule` If a Node is in a cloud provider specified shutdown state, the Node gets tainted accordingly with `node.cloudprovider.kubernetes.io/shutdown` and the taint effect of `NoSchedule`. ## pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce Example: `pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: baseline` Used on: Namespace Value **must** be one of `privileged`, `baseline`, or `restricted` which correspond to [Pod Security Standard](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-standards) levels. Specifically, the `enforce` label _prohibits_ the creation of any Pod in the labeled Namespace which does not meet the requirements outlined in the indicated level. See [Enforcing Pod Security at the Namespace Level](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-admission) for more information. ## pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version Example: `pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version: {{< skew latestVersion >}}` Used on: Namespace Value **must** be `latest` or a valid Kubernetes version in the format `v.`. This determines the version of the [Pod Security Standard](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-standards) policies to apply when validating a submitted Pod. See [Enforcing Pod Security at the Namespace Level](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-admission) for more information. ## pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit Example: `pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit: baseline` Used on: Namespace Value **must** be one of `privileged`, `baseline`, or `restricted` which correspond to [Pod Security Standard](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-standards) levels. Specifically, the `audit` label does not prevent the creation of a Pod in the labeled Namespace which does not meet the requirements outlined in the indicated level, but adds an audit annotation to that Pod. See [Enforcing Pod Security at the Namespace Level](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-admission) for more information. ## pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit-version Example: `pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit-version: {{< skew latestVersion >}}` Used on: Namespace Value **must** be `latest` or a valid Kubernetes version in the format `v.`. This determines the version of the [Pod Security Standard](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-standards) policies to apply when validating a submitted Pod. See [Enforcing Pod Security at the Namespace Level](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-admission) for more information. ## pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn Example: `pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn: baseline` Used on: Namespace Value **must** be one of `privileged`, `baseline`, or `restricted` which correspond to [Pod Security Standard](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-standards) levels. Specifically, the `warn` label does not prevent the creation of a Pod in the labeled Namespace which does not meet the requirements outlined in the indicated level, but returns a warning to the user after doing so. Note that warnings are also displayed when creating or updating objects that contain Pod templates, such as Deployments, Jobs, StatefulSets, etc. See [Enforcing Pod Security at the Namespace Level](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-admission) for more information. ## pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn-version Example: `pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn-version: {{< skew latestVersion >}}` Used on: Namespace Value **must** be `latest` or a valid Kubernetes version in the format `v.`. This determines the version of the [Pod Security Standard](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-standards) policies to apply when validating a submitted Pod. Note that warnings are also displayed when creating or updating objects that contain Pod templates, such as Deployments, Jobs, StatefulSets, etc. See [Enforcing Pod Security at the Namespace Level](/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-admission) for more information.