---
title: "验证 kubectl 的安装效果"
description: "如何验证 kubectl。"
headless: true
_build:
  list: never
  render: never
  publishResources: false
---
<!-- 
title: "verify kubectl install"
description: "How to verify kubectl."
headless: true
_build:
  list: never
  render: never
  publishResources: false
-->

<!-- 
In order for kubectl to find and access a Kubernetes cluster, it needs a
[kubeconfig file](/docs/concepts/configuration/organize-cluster-access-kubeconfig/),
which is created automatically when you create a cluster using
[kube-up.sh](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/cluster/kube-up.sh)
or successfully deploy a Minikube cluster.
By default, kubectl configuration is located at `~/.kube/config`.

Check that kubectl is properly configured by getting the cluster state:
-->
为了让 kubectl 能发现并访问 Kubernetes 集群，你需要一个
[kubeconfig 文件](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/configuration/organize-cluster-access-kubeconfig/)，
该文件在
[kube-up.sh](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/cluster/kube-up.sh)
创建集群时，或成功部署一个 Minikube 集群时，均会自动生成。
通常，kubectl 的配置信息存放于文件 `~/.kube/config` 中。

通过获取集群状态的方法，检查是否已恰当地配置了 kubectl：

```shell
kubectl cluster-info
```

<!-- 
If you see a URL response, kubectl is correctly configured to access your cluster.

If you see a message similar to the following, kubectl is not configured correctly
or is not able to connect to a Kubernetes cluster.
-->
如果返回一个 URL，则意味着 kubectl 成功地访问到了你的集群。

如果你看到如下所示的消息，则代表 kubectl 配置出了问题，或无法连接到 Kubernetes 集群。

```
The connection to the server <server-name:port> was refused - did you specify the right host or port?
（访问 <server-name:port> 被拒绝 - 你指定的主机和端口是否有误？）
```

<!-- 
For example, if you are intending to run a Kubernetes cluster on your laptop (locally),
you will need a tool like [Minikube](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/) to be installed first and then re-run the commands stated above.

If `kubectl cluster-info` returns the url response but you can't access your cluster,
to check whether it is configured properly, use:
-->
例如，如果你想在自己的笔记本上（本地）运行 Kubernetes 集群，你需要先安装一个 [Minikube](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/)
这样的工具，然后再重新运行上面的命令。

如果命令 `kubectl cluster-info` 返回了 URL，但你还不能访问集群，那可以用以下命令来检查配置是否妥当：

```shell
kubectl cluster-info dump
```

<!--
### Troubleshooting the 'No Auth Provider Found' error message {#no-auth-provider-found}

In Kubernetes 1.26, kubectl removed the built-in authentication for the following cloud
providers' managed Kubernetes offerings. These providers have released kubectl plugins
to provide the cloud-specific authentication. For instructions, refer to the following provider documentation:
-->
### 排查"找不到身份验证提供商"的错误信息    {#no-auth-provider-found}

在 Kubernetes 1.26 中，kubectl 删除了以下云提供商托管的 Kubernetes 产品的内置身份验证。
这些提供商已经发布了 kubectl 插件来提供特定于云的身份验证。
有关说明，请参阅以下提供商文档：

<!--
* Azure AKS: [kubelogin plugin](https://azure.github.io/kubelogin/)
* Google Kubernetes Engine: [gke-gcloud-auth-plugin](https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/cluster-access-for-kubectl#install_plugin)
-->
* Azure AKS：[kubelogin 插件](https://azure.github.io/kubelogin/)
* CKE：[gke-gcloud-auth-plugin](https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/cluster-access-for-kubectl#install_plugin)

<!--
(There could also be other reasons to see the same error message, unrelated to that change.)
-->
（还可能会有其他原因会看到相同的错误信息，和这个更改无关。）