[zh] Add set-up-dra-clustere.md
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---
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title: "在集群中设置 DRA"
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content_type: task
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min-kubernetes-server-version: v1.32
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weight: 10
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---
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<!--
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title: "Set Up DRA in a Cluster"
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content_type: task
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min-kubernetes-server-version: v1.32
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weight: 10
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-->
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{{< feature-state feature_gate_name="DynamicResourceAllocation" >}}
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<!-- overview -->
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<!--
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This page shows you how to configure _dynamic resource allocation (DRA)_ in a
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Kubernetes cluster by enabling API groups and configuring classes of devices.
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These instructions are for cluster administrators.
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-->
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本文介绍如何在 Kubernetes 集群中通过启用 API 组并配置设备类别来设置**动态资源分配（DRA）**。
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这些指示说明适用于集群管理员。
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<!-- body -->
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<!--
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## About DRA {#about-dra}
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-->
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## 关于 DRA {#about-dra}
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{{< glossary_definition term_id="dra" length="all" >}}
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<!--
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Ensure that you're familiar with how DRA works and with DRA terminology like
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="DeviceClasses" term_id="deviceclass" >}},
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="ResourceClaims" term_id="resourceclaim" >}}, and
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="ResourceClaimTemplates" term_id="resourceclaimtemplate" >}}.
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For details, see
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[Dynamic Resource Allocation (DRA)](/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/dynamic-resource-allocation/).
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-->
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确保你已了解 DRA 的工作机制及其术语，例如
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="DeviceClasses" term_id="deviceclass" >}}、
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="ResourceClaims" term_id="resourceclaim" >}}以及
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="ResourceClaimTemplates" term_id="resourceclaimtemplate" >}}。
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更多信息请参见[动态资源分配（DRA）](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/dynamic-resource-allocation/)。
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<!-- prerequisites -->
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## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}}
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{{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{< version-check >}}
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<!--
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* Directly or indirectly attach devices to your cluster. To avoid potential
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issues with drivers, wait until you set up the DRA feature for your
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cluster before you install drivers.
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-->
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* 将设备直接或间接挂接到你的集群中。为避免驱动相关的问题，请在安装驱动之前先完成 DRA 特性的配置。
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<!-- steps -->
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<!--
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## Enable the DRA API groups {#enable-dra}
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To let Kubernetes allocate resources to your Pods with DRA, complete the
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following configuration steps:
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1. Enable the `DynamicResourceAllocation`
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[feature gate](/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/feature-gates/)
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on all of the following components:
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-->
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## 启用 DRA API 组 {#enable-dra}
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若要让 Kubernetes 能够使用 DRA 为你的 Pod 分配资源，需完成以下配置步骤：
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1. 在所有以下组件中启用 `DynamicResourceAllocation`
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[特性门控](/zh-cn/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/feature-gates/)：
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* `kube-apiserver`
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* `kube-controller-manager`
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* `kube-scheduler`
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* `kubelet`
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<!--
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1. Enable the following
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="API groups" term_id="api-group" >}}:
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* `resource.k8s.io/v1beta1`: required for DRA to function.
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* `resource.k8s.io/v1beta2`: optional, recommended improvements to the user
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experience.
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For more information, see
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[Enabling or disabling API groups](/docs/reference/using-api/#enabling-or-disabling).
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-->
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2. 启用以下 {{< glossary_tooltip text="API 组" term_id="api-group" >}}：
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* `resource.k8s.io/v1beta1`：DRA 所必需。
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* `resource.k8s.io/v1beta2`：可选，推荐启用以提升用户体验。
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更多信息请参阅[启用或禁用 API 组](/zh-cn/docs/reference/using-api/#enabling-or-disabling)。
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<!--
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## Verify that DRA is enabled {#verify}
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To verify that the cluster is configured correctly, try to list DeviceClasses:
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-->
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## 验证是否启用了 DRA {#verify}
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若要验证集群是否配置正确，可尝试列出 DeviceClass：
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```shell
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kubectl get deviceclasses
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```
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<!--
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If the component configuration was correct, the output is similar to the
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following:
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-->
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如果组件配置正确，输出类似如下：
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```
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No resources found
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```
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<!--
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If DRA isn't correctly configured, the output of the preceding command is
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similar to the following:
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-->
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如果 DRA 未正确配置，则上述命令的输出可能如下：
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```
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error: the server doesn't have a resource type "deviceclasses"
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```
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<!--
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Try the following troubleshooting steps:
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1. Ensure that the `kube-scheduler` component has the `DynamicResourceAllocation`
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feature gate enabled *and* uses the
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[v1 configuration API](/docs/reference/config-api/kube-scheduler-config.v1/).
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If you use a custom configuration, you might need to perform additional steps
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to enable the `DynamicResource` plugin.
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1. Restart the `kube-apiserver` component and the `kube-controller-manager`
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component to propagate the API group changes.
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-->
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你可以尝试以下排查步骤：
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1. 确保 `kube-scheduler` 组件已启用 `DynamicResourceAllocation` 特性门控，并且使用的是
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[v1 配置 API](/zh-cn/docs/reference/config-api/kube-scheduler-config.v1/)。
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如果你使用自定义配置，你可能还需额外启用 `DynamicResource` 插件。
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2. 重启 `kube-apiserver` 和 `kube-controller-manager` 组件，以传播 API 组变更。
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<!--
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## Install device drivers {#install-drivers}
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After you enable DRA for your cluster, you can install the drivers for your
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attached devices. For instructions, check the documentation of your device
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owner or the project that maintains the device drivers. The drivers that you
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install must be compatible with DRA.
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To verify that your installed drivers are working as expected, list
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ResourceSlices in your cluster:
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-->
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## 安装设备驱动 {#install-drivers}
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你启用集群的 DRA 特性后，你可以安装所挂接设备的驱动。
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安装方式请参见设备所有者或驱动维护方提供的文档。你安装的驱动必须与 DRA 兼容。
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若要验证驱动是否正常工作，可列出集群中的 ResourceSlice：
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```shell
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kubectl get resourceslices
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```
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<!--
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The output is similar to the following:
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-->
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输出示例如下：
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```
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NAME NODE DRIVER POOL AGE
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cluster-1-device-pool-1-driver.example.com-lqx8x cluster-1-node-1 driver.example.com cluster-1-device-pool-1-r1gc 7s
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cluster-1-device-pool-2-driver.example.com-29t7b cluster-1-node-2 driver.example.com cluster-1-device-pool-2-446z 8s
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```
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<!--
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## Create DeviceClasses {#create-deviceclasses}
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You can define categories of devices that your application operators can
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claim in workloads by creating
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="DeviceClasses" term_id="deviceclass" >}}. Some device
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driver providers might also instruct you to create DeviceClasses during driver
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installation.
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-->
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## 创建 DeviceClass {#create-deviceclasses}
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你可以通过创建
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="DeviceClasses" term_id="deviceclass" >}}
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定义设备的分类，供应用运维人员在工作负载中申领这些设备。
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某些设备驱动提供方也可能在驱动安装过程中要求你创建 DeviceClass。
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<!--
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The ResourceSlices that your driver publishes contain information about the
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devices that the driver manages, such as capacity, metadata, and attributes. You
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can use {{< glossary_tooltip term_id="cel" >}} to filter for properties in your
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DeviceClasses, which can make finding devices easier for your workload
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operators.
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1. To find the device properties that you can select in DeviceClasses by using
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CEL expressions, get the specification of a ResourceSlice:
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-->
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你的驱动所发布的 ResourceSlice 中包含了设备的相关信息，例如容量、元数据和属性。你可以使用
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{{< glossary_tooltip term_id="cel" >}} 表达式按 DeviceClass 中的属性进行筛选，
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从而帮助工作负载运维人员更轻松地找到合适的设备。
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1. 若要查看可通过 CEL 表达式在 DeviceClass 中选择的设备属性，你可以查看某个 ResourceSlice 的规约：
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```shell
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kubectl get resourceslice <resourceslice-name> -o yaml
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```
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<!--
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The output is similar to the following:
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-->
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输出类似如下：
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<!--
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# lines omitted for clarity
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-->
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```yaml
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apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1beta1
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kind: ResourceSlice
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# 为简洁省略部分内容
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spec:
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devices:
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- basic:
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attributes:
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type:
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string: gpu
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capacity:
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memory:
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value: 64Gi
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name: gpu-0
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- basic:
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attributes:
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type:
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string: gpu
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capacity:
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memory:
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value: 64Gi
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name: gpu-1
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driver: driver.example.com
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nodeName: cluster-1-node-1
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# 为简洁省略部分内容
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```
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<!--
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You can also check the driver provider's documentation for available
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properties and values.
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-->
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你也可以查阅驱动提供商的文档，了解可用的属性和对应值。
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<!--
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1. Review the following example DeviceClass manifest, which selects any device
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that's managed by the `driver.example.com` device driver:
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-->
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2. 查看以下 DeviceClass 示例清单，它选择所有由 `driver.example.com` 设备驱动管理的设备：
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{{% code_sample file="dra/deviceclass.yaml" %}}
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<!--
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1. Create the DeviceClass in your cluster:
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-->
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3. 在集群中创建 DeviceClass：
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```shell
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kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/deviceclass.yaml
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```
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<!--
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## Clean up {#clean-up}
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To delete the DeviceClass that you created in this task, run the following
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command:
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-->
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## 清理 {#clean-up}
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要删除本任务中创建的 DeviceClass，运行以下命令：
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```shell
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kubectl delete -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/deviceclass.yaml
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```
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## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
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<!--
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* [Learn more about DRA](/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/dynamic-resource-allocation)
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* [Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/assign-resources/allocate-devices-dra)
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-->
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* [进一步了解 DRA](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/dynamic-resource-allocation)
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* [使用 DRA 为工作负载分配设备](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/assign-resources/allocate-devices-dra)
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@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
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apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1beta2
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kind: DeviceClass
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metadata:
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name: example-device-class
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spec:
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selectors:
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- cel:
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expression: |-
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device.driver == "driver.example.com"
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