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+---
+title: Pod QoS 类
+content_type: concept
+weight: 85
+---
+<!--
+title: Pod Quality of Service Classes
+content_type: concept
+weight: 85
+-->
+
+<!-- overview -->
+
+<!--
+This page introduces _Quality of Service (QoS) classes_ in Kubernetes, and explains
+how Kubernetes assigns a QoS class to each Pods as a consequence of the resource
+constraints that you specify for the containers in that Pod. Kubernetes relies on this
+classification to make decisions about which Pods to evict when there are not enough
+available resources on a Node.
+-->
+本页介绍 Kubernetes 中的 **服务质量（Quality of Service，QoS）** 类，
+阐述 Kubernetes 如何根据为 Pod 中的容器指定的资源约束为每个 Pod 设置 QoS 类。
+Kubernetes 依赖这种分类来决定当 Node 上没有足够可用资源时要驱逐哪些 Pod。
+
+<!-- body -->
+
+<!--
+## Quality of Service classes
+-->
+## QoS 类   {#qos-class}
+
+<!--
+Kubernetes classifies the Pods that you run and allocates each Pod into a specific
+_quality of service (QoS) class_. Kubernetes uses that classification to influence how different
+pods are handled. Kubernetes does this classification based on the
+[resource requests](/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/)
+of the {{< glossary_tooltip text="Containers" term_id="container" >}} in that Pod, along with
+how those requests relate to resource limits.
+This is known as {{< glossary_tooltip text="Quality of Service" term_id="qos-class" >}}
+(QoS) class. Kubernetes assigns every Pod a QoS class based on the resource requests
+and limits of its component Containers. QoS classes are used by Kubernetes to decide
+which Pods to evict from a Node experiencing
+[Node Pressure](/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/node-pressure-eviction/). The possible
+QoS classes are `Guaranteed`, `Burstable`, and `BestEffort`. When a Node runs out of resources,
+Kubernetes will first evict `BestEffort` Pods running on that Node, followed by `Burstable` and
+finally `Guaranteed` Pods. When this eviction is due to resource pressure, only Pods exceeding
+resource requests are candidates for eviction.
+-->
+Kubernetes 对你运行的 Pod 进行分类，并将每个 Pod 分配到特定的 **QoS 类**中。
+Kubernetes 使用这种分类来影响不同 Pod 被处理的方式。Kubernetes 基于 Pod
+中{{< glossary_tooltip text="容器" term_id="container" >}}的[资源请求](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/)进行分类，
+同时确定这些请求如何与资源限制相关。
+这称为{{< glossary_tooltip text="服务质量" term_id="qos-class" >}} (QoS) 类。
+Kubernetes 基于每个 Pod 中容器的资源请求和限制为 Pod 设置 QoS 类。Kubernetes 使用 QoS
+类来决定从遇到[节点压力](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/node-pressure-eviction/)的
+Node 中驱逐哪些 Pod。可选的 QoS 类有 `Guaranteed`、`Burstable` 和 `BestEffort`。
+当一个 Node 耗尽资源时，Kubernetes 将首先驱逐在该 Node 上运行的 `BestEffort` Pod，
+然后是 `Burstable` Pod，最后是 `Guaranteed` Pod。当这种驱逐是由于资源压力时，
+只有超出资源请求的 Pod 才是被驱逐的候选对象。
+
+### Guaranteed
+
+<!--
+Pods that are `Guaranteed` have the strictest resource limits and are least likely
+to face eviction. They are guaranteed not to be killed until they exceed their limits
+or there are no lower-priority Pods that can be preempted from the Node. They may
+not acquire resources beyond their specified limits. These Pods can also make
+use of exclusive CPUs using the
+[`static`](/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/cpu-management-policies/#static-policy) CPU management policy.
+-->
+`Guaranteed` Pod 具有最严格的资源限制，并且最不可能面临驱逐。
+在这些 Pod 超过其自身的限制或者从 Node 上没有可以抢占的低优先级 Pod 之前，
+这些 Pod 保证不会被杀死。这些 Pod 不可以获得超出其指定 limit 的资源。这些 Pod 也可以使用
+[`static`](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/cpu-management-policies/#static-policy)
+CPU 管理策略来使用独占的 CPU。
+
+<!--
+#### Criteria
+
+For a Pod to be given a QoS class of `Guaranteed`:
+-->
+#### 判据
+
+Pod 被赋予 `Guaranteed` QoS 类的几个判据：
+
+<!--
+* Every Container in the Pod must have a memory limit and a memory request.
+* For every Container in the Pod, the memory limit must equal the memory request.
+* Every Container in the Pod must have a CPU limit and a CPU request.
+* For every Container in the Pod, the CPU limit must equal the CPU request.
+-->
+* Pod 中的每个容器必须有内存 limit 和内存 request。
+* 对于 Pod 中的每个容器，内存 limit 必须等于内存 request。
+* Pod 中的每个容器必须有 CPU limit 和 CPU request。
+* 对于 Pod 中的每个容器，CPU limit 必须等于 CPU request。
+
+### Burstable
+
+<!--
+Pods that are `Burstable` have some lower-bound resource guarantees based on the request, but
+do not require a specific limit. If a limit is not specified, it defaults to a
+limit equivalent to the capacity of the Node, which allows the Pods to flexibly increase
+their resources if resources are available. In the event of Pod eviction due to Node
+resource pressure, these Pods are evicted only after all `BestEffort` Pods are evicted.
+Because a `Burstable` Pod can include a Container that has no resource limits or requests, a Pod
+that is `Burstable` can try to use any amount of node resources.
+-->
+`Burstable` Pod 有一些基于 request 的资源下限保证，但不需要特定的 limit。
+如果未指定 limit，则默认为其 limit 等于 Node 容量，这允许 Pod 在资源可用时灵活地增加其资源。
+在由于 Node 资源压力导致 Pod 被驱逐的情况下，只有在所有 `BestEffort` Pod 被驱逐后
+这些 Pod 才会被驱逐。因为 `Burstable` Pod 可以包括没有资源 limit 或资源 request 的容器，
+所以 `Burstable` Pod 可以尝试使用任意数量的节点资源。
+
+<!--
+#### Criteria
+
+A Pod is given a QoS class of `Burstable` if:
+
+* The Pod does not meet the criteria for QoS class `Guaranteed`.
+* At least one Container in the Pod has a memory or CPU request or limit.
+-->
+#### 判据
+
+Pod 被赋予 `Burstable` QoS 类的几个判据：
+
+* Pod 不满足针对 QoS 类 `Guaranteed` 的判据。
+* Pod 中至少一个容器有内存或 CPU request 或 limit。
+
+### BestEffort
+
+<!--
+Pods in the `BestEffort` QoS class can use node resources that aren't specifically assigned
+to Pods in other QoS classes. For example, if you have a node with 16 CPU cores available to the
+kubelet, and you assign 4 CPU cores to a `Guaranteed` Pod, then a Pod in the `BestEffort`
+QoS class can try to use any amount of the remaining 12 CPU cores.
+
+The kubelet prefers to evict `BestEffort` Pods if the node comes under resource pressure.
+-->
+`BestEffort` QoS 类中的 Pod 可以使用未专门分配给其他 QoS 类中的 Pod 的节点资源。
+例如若你有一个节点有 16 核 CPU 可供 kubelet 使用，并且你将 4 核 CPU 分配给一个 `Guaranteed` Pod，
+那么 `BestEffort` QoS 类中的 Pod 可以尝试任意使用剩余的 12 核 CPU。
+
+如果节点遇到资源压力，kubelet 将优先驱逐 `BestEffort` Pod。
+
+<!--
+#### Criteria
+
+A Pod has a QoS class of `BestEffort` if it doesn't meet the criteria for either `Guaranteed`
+or `Burstable`. In other words, a Pod is `BestEffort` only if none of the Containers in the Pod have a
+memory limit or a memory request, and none of the Containers in the Pod have a
+CPU limit or a CPU request.
+Containers in a Pod can request other resources (not CPU or memory) and still be classified as
+`BestEffort`.
+-->
+#### 判据
+
+如果 Pod 不满足 `Guaranteed` 或 `Burstable` 的判据，则它的 QoS 类为 `BestEffort`。
+换言之，只有当 Pod 中的所有容器没有内存 limit 或内存 request，也没有 CPU limit 或
+CPU request 时，Pod 才是 `BestEffort`。Pod 中的容器可以请求（除 CPU 或内存之外的）
+其他资源并且仍然被归类为 `BestEffort`。
+
+<!--
+## Some behavior is independent of QoS class {#class-independent-behavior}
+
+Certain behavior is independent of the QoS class assigned by Kubernetes. For example:
+-->
+## 某些行为独立于 QoS 类 {#class-independent-behavior}
+
+某些行为独立于 Kubernetes 分配的 QoS 类。例如：
+
+<!--
+* Any Container exceeding a resource limit will be killed and restarted by the kubelet without
+  affecting other Containers in that Pod.
+* If a Container exceeds its resource request and the node it runs on faces
+  resource pressure, the Pod it is in becomes a candidate for [eviction](/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/node-pressure-eviction/).
+  If this occurs, all Containers in the Pod will be terminated. Kubernetes may create a
+  replacement Pod, usually on a different node.
+-->
+* 所有超过资源 limit 的容器都将被 kubelet 杀死并重启，而不会影响该 Pod 中的其他容器。
+* 如果一个容器超出了自身的资源 request，且该容器运行的节点面临资源压力，则该容器所在的 Pod
+  就会成为被[驱逐](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/node-pressure-eviction/)的候选对象。
+  如果出现这种情况，Pod 中的所有容器都将被终止。Kubernetes 通常会在不同的节点上创建一个替代的 Pod。
+<!--
+* The resource request of a Pod is equal to the sum of the resource requests of
+  its component Containers, and the resource limit of a Pod is equal to the sum of
+  the resource limits of its component Containers.
+* The kube-scheduler does not consider QoS class when selecting which Pods to
+  [preempt](/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/pod-priority-preemption/#preemption).
+  Preemption can occur when a cluster does not have enough resources to run all the Pods
+  you defined.
+-->
+* Pod 的资源 request 等于其成员容器的资源 request 之和，Pod 的资源 limit 等于其组成容器的资源 limit 之和。
+* kube-scheduler 在选择要[抢占](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/pod-priority-preemption/#preemption)的
+  Pod 时不考虑 QoS 类。当集群没有足够的资源来运行你所定义的所有 Pod 时，就会发生抢占。
+
+## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
+
+<!--
+* Learn about [resource management for Pods and Containers](/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/).
+* Learn about [Node-pressure eviction](/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/node-pressure-eviction/).
+* Learn about [Pod priority and preemption](/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/pod-priority-preemption/).
+* Learn about [Pod disruptions](/docs/concepts/workload/pods/disruptions/).
+* Learn how to [assign memory resources to containers and pods](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/assign-memory-resource/).
+* Learn how to [assign CPU resources to containers and pods](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/assign-cpu-resource/).
+* Learn how to [configure Quality of Service for Pods](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/quality-service-pod/).
+-->
+* 进一步了解[为 Pod 和容器管理资源](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/)。
+* 进一步了解[节点压力驱逐](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/node-pressure-eviction/)。
+* 进一步了解 [Pod 优先级和抢占](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/pod-priority-preemption/)。
+* 进一步了解 [Pod 干扰](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/disruptions/)。
+* 进一步了解如何[为容器和 Pod 分配内存资源](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/assign-memory-resource/)。
+* 进一步了解如何[为容器和 Pod 分配 CPU 资源](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/assign-cpu-resource/)。
+* 进一步了解如何[配置 Pod 的服务质量](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/quality-service-pod/)。