restructure layout and implement feedback
Lior Lieberman
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---
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layout: blog
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title: "TBD"
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date: 2023-10-18T10:00:00-08:00
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slug: <What is it?>
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title: "Time to Upgrade; Migrating to Gateway API"
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date: 2023-10-19T10:00:00-08:00
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slug: introducing-ingress2gateway
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---
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***Authors:*** Lior Lieberman (Google), Kobi Levi (independent)
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Today we are releasing [ingress2gateway](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/ingress2gateway), a tool that can help you migrate from Ingress to Gateway API. Gateway API is just weeks away from graduating to GA, if you haven't upgraded yet, now's the time to think about it!
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## Background
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In the ever-evolving world of Kubernetes, networking plays a pivotal role. As more applications are deployed in Kubernetes clusters, effective exposure of these services to clients outside the cluster becomes a critical concern. If you've been working with Kubernetes, you're likely familiar with the [Ingress API], which has been the go-to solution for managing external access to services.
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[Ingress API]:/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/
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@ -21,7 +25,6 @@ Some of the limitations are;
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To overcome this, Gateway API is designed to provide a more flexible, extensible, and powerful way to manage external traffic to your services.
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## Introducing Gateway API
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Gateway API is just weeks away from a GA release. It provides a standard Kubernetes API for ingress traffic control. It offers extended functionality, improved customization, and greater flexibility. By focusing on modular and expressive API resources, Gateway API makes it possible to describe a wider array of routing configurations and models.
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The transition from Ingress API to Gateway API in Kubernetes is driven by advantages and advanced functionalities that the Gateway API offers, with its foundation built on four core principles: a role-oriented approach, portability, expressiveness and extensibility.
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@ -43,10 +46,12 @@ Route resources define protocol-specific rules for mapping requests from a Gatew
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HTTPRoute is for multiplexing HTTP or terminated HTTPS connections.
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It's intended for use in cases where you want to inspect the HTTP stream and use HTTP request data for either routing or modification, for example using HTTP Headers for routing, or modifying them in-flight.
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{{< figure src="gateway-api-resources.svg" caption="Diagram showing the APIs that make up Gateway and how they relate to each other" >}}
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### Portability
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Gateway API is designed to be more portable across different implementations, clusters and environments. It helps reduce Ingress' reliance on non-portable, provider-specific annotations, making your configurations more consistent and easier to manage across multiple clusters.
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With more than 20 [API implementations](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/implementations/#implementations), Gateway API is designed to be more portable across different implementations, clusters and environments. It helps reduce Ingress' reliance on non-portable, provider-specific annotations, making your configurations more consistent and easier to manage across multiple clusters.
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<!-- It is already supported on the 5 latest Kubernetes versions and the community commit to maintain support for the most recent 5 Kubernetes minor versions. -->
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### Expressiveness
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The Gateway API provides standard, Kubernetes-backed support for a wide range of features, such as header-based matching, traffic splitting, weight-based routing, request mirroring and more. With Ingress, these features need custom provider-specific annotations.
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@ -54,24 +59,12 @@ The Gateway API provides standard, Kubernetes-backed support for a wide range of
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### Extensibility
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Gateway API is designed with extensibility as a core feature. Rather than enforcing a one-size-fits-all model, it offers the flexibility to link custom resources at multiple layers within the API's framework. This layered approach to customization ensures that users can tailor configurations to their specific needs without overwhelming the main structure. By doing so, the Gateway API facilitates more granular and context-sensitive adjustments, allowing for a fine-tuned balance between standardization and adaptability. This becomes particularly valuable in complex cloud-native environments where specific use cases require nuanced configurations.
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## Getting Started
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### Gateway API Quick Start
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## Upgrading to Gateway
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The first thing you will need is a Kubernetes cluster. You can set up a new cluster using [KinD](https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/) with the following command:
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```bash
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kind create cluster --name introducing-i2gw
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```
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When you create a Service of `type: LoadBalancer` in a Kubernetes cluster, then typically cloud providers (like AWS, Azure or GCP) automatically provision a cloud load balancer and allocate a public IP address for it. However, since KinD runs locally, there's no cloud provider available to automatically provision an external IP address for such Services.
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1. [Install a Gateway controller](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/guides/#installing-a-gateway-controller) OR [install the Gateway API CRDs manually](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/guides/#installing-gateway-api)
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This is where MetalLB can come in. MetalLB provides a network load-balancer implementation for Kubernetes clusters that do not have external load-balancers available; this could be KinD or it could be your bare-metal production cluster.
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You'll need to [install](https://metallb.universe.tf/installation/) it in order to continue with this guide.
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Now you should have a working environment to start experimenting with Gateway
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API. There are many great guides you can follow starting from [Getting started with Gateway API](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/guides/#getting-started-with-gateway-api).
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### Migrating from Ingress to Gateway API using Ingress2Gateway
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Migrating from Ingress to the Gateway API may seem intimidating, but luckily Kubernetes SIG-Network provides a tool to simplify the process. Ingress2Gateway assists in the migration by converting your existing Ingress resources into Gateway API resources. To get started with ingress2gateway, you need to first install the tool.
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2. install [ingress2gateway](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/ingress2gateway)
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```
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go install github.com/kubernetes-sigs/ingress2gateway@latest
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@ -80,7 +73,7 @@ Provided you have a Go development environment installed, that command installs
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Alternatively, you can build it from source using https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/ingress2gateway#build-from-source.
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Once the tool is installed, you can use it to convert the ingress resources in your cluster to GatewayAPI resources.
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3. Once the tool is installed, you can use it to convert the ingress resources in your cluster to GatewayAPI resources.
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```
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ingress2gateway print
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@ -93,20 +86,25 @@ This above command will:
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1. Convert them to Gateway-API resources (Currently only Gateways and HTTPRoutes).
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For other options refer run the tool with `-h` or refer to https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/ingress2gateway#options
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Review the converted Gateway API resources, validate them, and then apply them to your cluster.
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4. Review the converted Gateway API resources, validate them, and then apply them to your cluster.
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5. Update your DNS to point to the new gateway.
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Note: make sure you test the newly created gateway before shifting the shifting 100% of the traffic.
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6. Make sure no traffic goes through your ingress and delete it.
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## Wrapping up
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Achieving reliable, scalable and extensible networking has always been a challenging objective.
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The Gateway API is designed to improve the current Kubernetes networking standards like ingress and/or implementation specific annotations and CRDs.
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By focusing on modular and expressive API resources, and a role-oriented approach, the Gateway API makes it possible to describe a wider array of routing configurations and models while improving security and ensuring smooth collaboration across different teams (infrastructure and application teams).
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It is a Kubernetes standard API, consistent across different platforms and implementations and most importantly it is future proof. The Gateway API is considered the Ingress’ successor, it has a sub team under SIG-Network that actively work on it and manage the ecosystem and it is likely to receive more updates and community support.
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It is a Kubernetes standard API, consistent across different platforms and implementations and most importantly it is future proof. The Gateway API is considered the Ingress’ successor, it has a sub team under SIG Network that actively work on it and manage the ecosystem and it is likely to receive more updates and community support.
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Ingress2gateway helps to ease the migration process for you, converting your existing Ingress resources to Gateway API resources. To make migrations _even easier_ Ingress2gateway has recently added extensions to enable converting from provider-specific solutions, enabling it to translate implementations specific CRDs or Ingress annotations to the relevant Gateway API configurations.
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### Try it out and get involved
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There are many resources to check out to learn more:
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- Ingress2Gateway readme - https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/ingress2gateway#ingress-to-gateway
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- Gateway API Getting Started - https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/guides/
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- Gateway API Implementations - https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/implementations/#gateways
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There are many resources to check out and learn more:
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- Get involved with the Kubernetes project on [GitHub](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/ingress2gateway)
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- [Gateway API Getting Started](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/guides/)
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- [Gateway API Implementations](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io/implementations/#gateways)
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