diff --git a/nucypher/blockchain/eth/actors.py b/nucypher/blockchain/eth/actors.py
index 56152bcff..845b46295 100644
--- a/nucypher/blockchain/eth/actors.py
+++ b/nucypher/blockchain/eth/actors.py
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ import maya
 from constant_sorrow.constants import (
     CONTRACT_NOT_DEPLOYED,
     NO_DEPLOYER_ADDRESS,
-    NO_STAKING_DEVICE,
     WORKER_NOT_RUNNING
 )
 from eth_tester.exceptions import TransactionFailed
@@ -141,7 +140,6 @@ class Deployer(NucypherTokenActor):
     def __init__(self,
                  blockchain: BlockchainInterface,
                  deployer_address: str = None,
-                 device = NO_STAKING_DEVICE,
                  client_password: str = None,
                  bare: bool = True
                  ) -> None:
@@ -162,8 +160,7 @@ class Deployer(NucypherTokenActor):
 
         blockchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=blockchain,
                                                         account=deployer_address,
-                                                        password=client_password,
-                                                        device=device)
+                                                        password=client_password)
         blockchain.transacting_power.activate()
         self.log = Logger("Deployment-Actor")
 
diff --git a/nucypher/characters/base.py b/nucypher/characters/base.py
index 05ab64b78..137076acf 100644
--- a/nucypher/characters/base.py
+++ b/nucypher/characters/base.py
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ class Character(Learner):
                  keyring_root: str = None,
                  crypto_power: CryptoPower = None,
                  crypto_power_ups: List[CryptoPowerUp] = None,
+                 additional_powers: List[CryptoPower] = None,
                  *args, **kwargs
                  ) -> None:
 
diff --git a/nucypher/characters/lawful.py b/nucypher/characters/lawful.py
index 01ddafe76..97702fcde 100644
--- a/nucypher/characters/lawful.py
+++ b/nucypher/characters/lawful.py
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ import requests
 from bytestring_splitter import BytestringKwargifier, BytestringSplittingError
 from bytestring_splitter import BytestringSplitter, VariableLengthBytestring
 from constant_sorrow import constants
-from constant_sorrow.constants import INCLUDED_IN_BYTESTRING, PUBLIC_ONLY, FEDERATED_POLICY, STRANGER_ALICE, \
-    NO_STAKING_DEVICE
+from constant_sorrow.constants import INCLUDED_IN_BYTESTRING, PUBLIC_ONLY, FEDERATED_POLICY, STRANGER_ALICE
 from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend
 from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ec import EllipticCurve
 from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.serialization import Encoding
@@ -90,7 +89,6 @@ class Alice(Character, PolicyAuthor):
                  network_middleware=None,
                  controller=True,
                  policy_agent=None,
-                 device = NO_STAKING_DEVICE,
                  client_password: str = None,
                  *args, **kwargs) -> None:
 
@@ -122,9 +120,9 @@ class Alice(Character, PolicyAuthor):
 
         if is_me and not federated_only:  # TODO: #289
             transacting_power = TransactingPower(account=self.checksum_address,
-                                                 device=device,
+                                                 password=client_password,
                                                  blockchain=self.blockchain)
-            self._crypto_power.consume_power_up(transacting_power, password=client_password)
+            self._crypto_power.consume_power_up(transacting_power)
 
             PolicyAuthor.__init__(self,
                                   blockchain=self.blockchain,
@@ -844,8 +842,6 @@ class Ursula(Teacher, Character, Worker):
                  checksum_address: str = None,  # Staker address
                  worker_address: str = None,
                  stake_tracker: StakeTracker = None,
-                 staking_agent: StakingEscrowAgent = None,
-                 device = NO_STAKING_DEVICE,
                  client_password: str = None,
 
                  # Character
@@ -895,8 +891,10 @@ class Ursula(Teacher, Character, Worker):
             if not federated_only:
 
                 # Access staking node via node's transacting keys
-                transacting_power = TransactingPower(account=worker_address, device=device, blockchain=self.blockchain)
-                self._crypto_power.consume_power_up(transacting_power, client_password)
+                transacting_power = TransactingPower(account=worker_address,
+                                                     password=client_password,
+                                                     blockchain=self.blockchain)
+                self._crypto_power.consume_power_up(transacting_power)
 
                 # Use blockchain power to substantiate stamp
                 self.substantiate_stamp(client_password=password)
diff --git a/nucypher/cli/characters/alice.py b/nucypher/cli/characters/alice.py
index 4be466777..c8685f827 100644
--- a/nucypher/cli/characters/alice.py
+++ b/nucypher/cli/characters/alice.py
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 import click
 from constant_sorrow.constants import NO_BLOCKCHAIN_CONNECTION
 
+from nucypher.blockchain.eth.interfaces import BlockchainInterface
+from nucypher.blockchain.eth.registry import EthereumContractRegistry
 from nucypher.characters.banners import ALICE_BANNER
 from nucypher.cli import actions, painting, types
 from nucypher.cli.actions import get_password
 from nucypher.cli.config import nucypher_click_config
 from nucypher.cli.types import NETWORK_PORT, EXISTING_READABLE_FILE, EIP55_CHECKSUM_ADDRESS
 from nucypher.config.characters import AliceConfiguration
+from nucypher.crypto.powers import TransactingPower
 
 
 @click.command()
@@ -24,6 +27,7 @@ from nucypher.config.characters import AliceConfiguration
 @click.option('--config-file', help="Path to configuration file", type=EXISTING_READABLE_FILE)
 @click.option('--provider-uri', help="Blockchain provider's URI", type=click.STRING)
 @click.option('--sync/--no-sync', default=True)
+@click.option('--device/--no-device', default=False)
 @click.option('--geth', '-G', help="Run using the built-in geth node", is_flag=True)
 @click.option('--poa', help="Inject POA middleware", is_flag=True, default=None)
 @click.option('--no-registry', help="Skip importing the default contract registry", is_flag=True)
@@ -68,6 +72,7 @@ def alice(click_config,
           poa,
           no_registry,
           registry_filepath,
+          device,
 
           # Alice
           bob_encrypting_key,
@@ -79,7 +84,7 @@ def alice(click_config,
           rate,
           duration,
           expiration,
-          message_kit
+          message_kit,
 
           ):
 
@@ -168,7 +173,7 @@ def alice(click_config,
         except FileNotFoundError:
             return actions.handle_missing_configuration_file(character_config_class=AliceConfiguration,
                                                              config_file=config_file)
-
+    
     ALICE = actions.make_cli_character(character_config=alice_config,
                                        click_config=click_config,
                                        dev=dev,
diff --git a/nucypher/cli/characters/felix.py b/nucypher/cli/characters/felix.py
index 9c6127248..3f9eadd44 100644
--- a/nucypher/cli/characters/felix.py
+++ b/nucypher/cli/characters/felix.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from nucypher.cli.config import nucypher_click_config
 from nucypher.cli.types import NETWORK_PORT, EXISTING_READABLE_FILE, EIP55_CHECKSUM_ADDRESS
 from nucypher.config.characters import FelixConfiguration
 from nucypher.config.constants import DEFAULT_CONFIG_ROOT
+from nucypher.crypto.powers import TransactingPower
 
 
 @click.command()
@@ -118,6 +119,11 @@ def felix(click_config,
                     f"Check the filepath or run 'nucypher felix init' to create a new system configuration.")
         raise click.Abort
 
+    transacting_power = TransactingPower(account=felix_config.checksum_address,
+                                         device=False,
+                                         password=get_password(confirm=False),
+                                         blockchain=felix_config.blockchain)
+
     try:
 
         # Connect to Blockchain
@@ -134,7 +140,9 @@ def felix(click_config,
                                                network_middleware=click_config.middleware)
 
         # Produce Felix
-        FELIX = felix_config.produce(domains=network, known_nodes=teacher_nodes)
+        FELIX = felix_config.produce(domains=network,
+                                     known_nodes=teacher_nodes,
+                                     additional_power=[transacting_power])
         FELIX.make_web_app()  # attach web application, but dont start service
 
     except Exception as e:
diff --git a/nucypher/cli/characters/ursula.py b/nucypher/cli/characters/ursula.py
index d574d74f3..81388e92e 100644
--- a/nucypher/cli/characters/ursula.py
+++ b/nucypher/cli/characters/ursula.py
@@ -18,16 +18,13 @@ along with nucypher.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 
 import click
-import socket
-
 from constant_sorrow.constants import NO_BLOCKCHAIN_CONNECTION
 from twisted.internet import stdio
 
-from nucypher.blockchain.eth.clients import NuCypherGethDevnetProcess, NuCypherGethGoerliProcess
 from nucypher.blockchain.eth.token import NU
 from nucypher.characters.banners import URSULA_BANNER
 from nucypher.cli import actions, painting
-from nucypher.cli.actions import UnknownIPAddress, get_password
+from nucypher.cli.actions import get_password
 from nucypher.cli.config import nucypher_click_config
 from nucypher.cli.processes import UrsulaCommandProtocol
 from nucypher.cli.types import (
@@ -36,8 +33,7 @@ from nucypher.cli.types import (
     EXISTING_READABLE_FILE,
     STAKE_DURATION,
     STAKE_EXTENSION,
-    STAKE_VALUE,
-    IPV4_ADDRESS)
+    STAKE_VALUE)
 from nucypher.config.characters import UrsulaConfiguration
 from nucypher.utilities.sandbox.constants import (
     TEMPORARY_DOMAIN,
@@ -66,6 +62,7 @@ from nucypher.utilities.sandbox.constants import (
 @click.option('--config-file', help="Path to configuration file", type=EXISTING_READABLE_FILE)
 @click.option('--poa', help="Inject POA middleware", is_flag=True, default=None)
 @click.option('--sync/--no-sync', default=True)
+@click.option('--device/--no-device', default=False)
 @click.option('--geth', '-G', help="Run using the built-in geth node", is_flag=True)
 @click.option('--provider-uri', help="Blockchain provider's URI", type=click.STRING)
 @click.option('--no-registry', help="Skip importing the default contract registry", is_flag=True)
@@ -105,6 +102,7 @@ def ursula(click_config,
            list_,
            divide,
            sync,
+           device,
            interactive,
 
            ) -> None:
@@ -244,7 +242,6 @@ def ursula(click_config,
             raise click.BadOptionUsage(option_name='--dev', message=message)
         return actions.destroy_configuration(character_config=ursula_config, force=force)
 
-
     #
     # Make Ursula
     #
diff --git a/nucypher/cli/deploy.py b/nucypher/cli/deploy.py
index 07744eddc..d72fbfe12 100644
--- a/nucypher/cli/deploy.py
+++ b/nucypher/cli/deploy.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import time
 
 import click
 import maya
-from constant_sorrow.constants import NO_STAKING_DEVICE
 
 from nucypher.blockchain.eth.actors import Deployer
 from nucypher.blockchain.eth.agents import NucypherTokenAgent
@@ -42,6 +41,7 @@ from nucypher.config.constants import DEFAULT_CONFIG_ROOT
 @click.option('--provider-uri', help="Blockchain provider's URI", type=click.STRING)
 @click.option('--geth', '-G', help="Run using the built-in geth node", is_flag=True)
 @click.option('--sync/--no-sync', default=True)
+@click.option('--device/--no-device', default=True)
 @click.option('--enode', help="An ethereum bootnode enode address to start learning from", type=click.STRING)
 @click.option('--config-root', help="Custom configuration directory", type=click.Path())
 @click.option('--contract-name', help="Deploy a single contract by name", type=click.STRING)
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ def deploy(click_config,
            recipient_address,
            config_root,
            sync,
+           device,
            force):
     """Manage contract and registry deployment"""
 
@@ -100,7 +101,6 @@ def deploy(click_config,
     if registry_filepath is not None:
         registry = EthereumContractRegistry(registry_filepath=registry_filepath)
 
-    # TODO: Move to Deployer with TransactingPower
     # Deployment-tuned blockchain connection
     blockchain = BlockchainDeployerInterface(provider_uri=provider_uri,
                                              poa=poa,
@@ -124,9 +124,12 @@ def deploy(click_config,
     if not force:
         click.confirm("Selected {} - Continue?".format(deployer_address), abort=True)
 
+    password = None
+    if not device:
+        password = get_password(confirm=False)
+
     deployer = Deployer(blockchain=blockchain,
-                        device=NO_STAKING_DEVICE,
-                        client_password=get_password(confirm=False),
+                        client_password=password,
                         deployer_address=deployer_address)
 
     # Verify ETH Balance
diff --git a/nucypher/crypto/powers.py b/nucypher/crypto/powers.py
index 78d4b972b..e2a9ec71e 100644
--- a/nucypher/crypto/powers.py
+++ b/nucypher/crypto/powers.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ along with nucypher.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 import inspect
 from typing import List, Tuple, Optional
 
-from constant_sorrow.constants import NO_STAKING_DEVICE, NO_BLOCKCHAIN_CONNECTION
+from constant_sorrow.constants import NO_BLOCKCHAIN_CONNECTION
 from cytoolz.dicttoolz import dissoc
 from eth_account._utils.transactions import assert_valid_fields
 from hexbytes import HexBytes
@@ -116,25 +116,18 @@ class TransactingPower(CryptoPowerUp):
     def __init__(self,
                  blockchain,
                  account: str,
-                 password: str = None,
-                 device=NO_STAKING_DEVICE):
+                 password: str = None):
         """
         Instantiates a TransactingPower for the given checksum_address.
         """
-        if password and (device is not NO_STAKING_DEVICE):
-            raise ValueError(f"Cannot create a {self.__class__.__name__} with both a client and an device signer.")
-
         self.blockchain = blockchain
-
         if blockchain.is_connected:
             self.client = blockchain.client
         else:
             self.client = NO_BLOCKCHAIN_CONNECTION
 
         self.account = account
-        self.device = device
-
-        self.__activated = False
+        self.device = True if not password else False
         self.__password = password
         self.__unlocked = False
 
@@ -157,30 +150,22 @@ class TransactingPower(CryptoPowerUp):
         self.unlock_account(password=password)     # Unlock
         self.blockchain.transacting_power = self   # Attach
         self.__password = None                     # Discard
-        self.__activated = True                    # Remember
 
     def lock_account(self):
-        if self.device is not NO_STAKING_DEVICE:
-            # TODO: Implement TrustedDevice
-            _result = self.device.lock()
+        if self.device:
+            # TODO: Force Disconnect Devices
+            pass
         else:
             _result = self.client.lock_account(address=self.account)
         self.__unlocked = False
 
     def unlock_account(self, password: str = None):
-        if self.device is not NO_STAKING_DEVICE:
-            # TODO: Embed in TrustedDevice
-            ping = 'PING|PONG'
-            pong = self.device.client.ping(ping)
-            if not ping == pong:
-                raise self.device.NoDeviceDetected
+        if self.device:
             unlocked = True
-
         else:
             if self.client is NO_BLOCKCHAIN_CONNECTION:
                 raise self.NoBlockchainConnection
             unlocked = self.client.unlock_account(address=self.account, password=password)
-
         self.__unlocked = unlocked
 
     def sign_message(self, message: bytes) -> bytes:
@@ -189,16 +174,7 @@ class TransactingPower(CryptoPowerUp):
         """
         if not self.is_unlocked:
             raise self.AccountLocked("Failed to unlock account {}".format(self.account))
-
-        # Hardware Wallet
-        if self.device is not NO_STAKING_DEVICE:
-            # TODO: Use a common message signature type from clients and devices
-            signature = self.device.sign_message(checksum_address=self.account, message=message)
-            signature = signature.signature
-
-        # Software Wallet
-        else:
-            signature = self.client.sign_message(account=self.account, message=message)
+        signature = self.client.sign_message(account=self.account, message=message)
         return signature
 
     def sign_transaction(self, unsigned_transaction: dict) -> HexBytes:
@@ -219,15 +195,8 @@ class TransactingPower(CryptoPowerUp):
         except TypeError as e:
             raise self.InvalidSigningRequest(f"Invalid Transaction: '{str(e)}'")
 
-        # HW Signer
-        if self.device is not NO_STAKING_DEVICE:
-            # TODO: Use a common tx_sign return type from clients and devices
-            signed_raw_transaction = self.device.sign_eth_transaction(unsigned_transaction=unsigned_transaction,
-                                                                      checksum_address=self.account)
-        # Web3 Signer
-        else:
-            signed_raw_transaction = self.blockchain.client.sign_transaction(transaction=unsigned_transaction,
-                                                                             account=self.account)
+        signed_raw_transaction = self.blockchain.client.sign_transaction(transaction=unsigned_transaction,
+                                                                         account=self.account)
         return signed_raw_transaction
 
 
diff --git a/nucypher/utilities/sandbox/blockchain.py b/nucypher/utilities/sandbox/blockchain.py
index 5d08c3a4a..0353ce0ce 100644
--- a/nucypher/utilities/sandbox/blockchain.py
+++ b/nucypher/utilities/sandbox/blockchain.py
@@ -213,8 +213,10 @@ class TesterBlockchain(BlockchainDeployerInterface):
         """For use with metric testing scripts"""
 
         testerchain = cls(compiler=SolidityCompiler())
-        power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=testerchain.etherbase_account)
-        power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+        power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                 password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                 account=testerchain.etherbase_account)
+        power.activate()
         testerchain.transacting_power = power
 
         origin = testerchain.client.etherbase
diff --git a/nucypher/utilities/sandbox/ursula.py b/nucypher/utilities/sandbox/ursula.py
index 9cc72f3fb..8e3a102fd 100644
--- a/nucypher/utilities/sandbox/ursula.py
+++ b/nucypher/utilities/sandbox/ursula.py
@@ -23,11 +23,12 @@ from nucypher.blockchain.eth.interfaces import BlockchainInterface
 from nucypher.blockchain.eth.token import StakeTracker
 from nucypher.characters.lawful import Ursula
 from nucypher.config.characters import UrsulaConfiguration
+from nucypher.crypto.powers import TransactingPower
 from nucypher.utilities.sandbox.constants import (
     MOCK_KNOWN_URSULAS_CACHE,
     MOCK_URSULA_STARTING_PORT,
     NUMBER_OF_URSULAS_IN_DEVELOPMENT_NETWORK,
-    MOCK_URSULA_DB_FILEPATH)
+    MOCK_URSULA_DB_FILEPATH, INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
 
 
 def make_federated_ursulas(ursula_config: UrsulaConfiguration,
diff --git a/tests/blockchain/eth/contracts/main/adjudicator/conftest.py b/tests/blockchain/eth/contracts/main/adjudicator/conftest.py
index 7f3324f38..500e31df9 100644
--- a/tests/blockchain/eth/contracts/main/adjudicator/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/blockchain/eth/contracts/main/adjudicator/conftest.py
@@ -22,12 +22,15 @@ from web3.contract import Contract
 
 from nucypher.blockchain.eth.deployers import DispatcherDeployer
 from nucypher.crypto.powers import TransactingPower
+from nucypher.utilities.sandbox.constants import INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD
 
 
 @pytest.fixture()
 def escrow(testerchain):
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Deployer)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=testerchain.etherbase_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=testerchain.etherbase_account)
     testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
     escrow, _ = testerchain.deploy_contract('StakingEscrowForAdjudicatorMock')
     return escrow
diff --git a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/actors/test_deployer.py b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/actors/test_deployer.py
index f8d24f0c9..be412d6d2 100644
--- a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/actors/test_deployer.py
+++ b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/actors/test_deployer.py
@@ -48,8 +48,10 @@ def test_rapid_deployment(token_economics):
                                    compiler=compiler)
 
     # TODO: #1092 - TransactingPower
-    blockchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=blockchain, account=blockchain.etherbase_account)
-    blockchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    blockchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=blockchain,
+                                                    password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                    account=blockchain.etherbase_account)
+    blockchain.transacting_power.activate()
     deployer_address = blockchain.etherbase_account
 
     deployer = Deployer(blockchain=blockchain, deployer_address=deployer_address)
diff --git a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/actors/test_staker.py b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/actors/test_staker.py
index 3c7b61e0a..b78dc39e0 100644
--- a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/actors/test_staker.py
+++ b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/actors/test_staker.py
@@ -43,8 +43,10 @@ def test_staker_locking_tokens(testerchain, agency, staker, token_economics):
     token_agent, staking_agent, policy_agent = agency
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Ursula-Staker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=staker.checksum_address)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=staker.checksum_address)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     assert NU(token_economics.minimum_allowed_locked, 'NuNit') < staker.token_balance, "Insufficient staker balance"
 
@@ -108,8 +110,10 @@ def test_staker_collects_staking_reward(testerchain, staker, blockchain_ursulas,
     assert token_agent.get_balance(staker.checksum_address) == initial_balance
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Ursula-Worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=staker.checksum_address)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=staker.checksum_address)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     staker.initialize_stake(amount=NU(token_economics.minimum_allowed_locked, 'NuNit'),  # Lock the minimum amount of tokens
                             lock_periods=int(token_economics.minimum_locked_periods))    # ... for the fewest number of periods
@@ -134,8 +138,10 @@ def test_staker_collects_staking_reward(testerchain, staker, blockchain_ursulas,
     testerchain.time_travel(periods=2)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Ursula-Worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=staker.checksum_address)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=staker.checksum_address)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     # Profit!
     staker.collect_staking_reward()
diff --git a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_adjudicator_agent.py b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_adjudicator_agent.py
index 47542bb57..4d4b4d9fa 100644
--- a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_adjudicator_agent.py
+++ b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_adjudicator_agent.py
@@ -59,7 +59,9 @@ def test_adjudicator_slashes(agency,
     locked_tokens = token_economics.minimum_allowed_locked * 5
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Deployer)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=testerchain.etherbase_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=testerchain.etherbase_account)
     testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     # The staker receives an initial amount of tokens
@@ -68,7 +70,9 @@ def test_adjudicator_slashes(agency,
                                    sender_address=testerchain.etherbase_account)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Staker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=staker_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=staker_account)
     testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     # Deposit: The staker deposits tokens in the StakingEscrow contract.
@@ -100,7 +104,9 @@ def test_adjudicator_slashes(agency,
     bobby_old_balance = bobby.token_balance
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Bob)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=bob_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=bob_account)
     testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     adjudicator_agent.evaluate_cfrag(evidence=evidence, sender_address=bob_account)
diff --git a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_policy_manager_agent.py b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_policy_manager_agent.py
index 5e9c4b9a3..f689e4c4c 100644
--- a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_policy_manager_agent.py
+++ b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_policy_manager_agent.py
@@ -51,8 +51,10 @@ def test_create_policy(testerchain, agency, token_economics):
     agent = policy_agent
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=testerchain.alice_account)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=testerchain.alice_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     policy_id = os.urandom(16)
     node_addresses = list(staking_agent.sample(quantity=3, duration=1))
@@ -113,15 +115,19 @@ def test_calculate_refund(testerchain, agency, policy_meta):
     worker = staking_agent.get_worker_from_staker(staker)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Ursula-Worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=worker)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     testerchain.time_travel(hours=9)
     _receipt = staking_agent.confirm_activity(worker_address=worker)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Alice)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=testerchain.alice_account)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=testerchain.alice_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     receipt = agent.calculate_refund(policy_id=policy_meta.policy_id, author_address=policy_meta.author)
     assert receipt['status'] == 1, "Transaction Rejected"
@@ -148,8 +154,10 @@ def test_collect_policy_reward(testerchain, agency, policy_meta, token_economics
     worker = staking_agent.get_worker_from_staker(staker)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Ursula-Worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=worker)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     old_eth_balance = token_agent.blockchain.client.get_balance(staker)
 
@@ -158,8 +166,10 @@ def test_collect_policy_reward(testerchain, agency, policy_meta, token_economics
         testerchain.time_travel(periods=1)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Ursula-Staker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=staker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=staker)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     receipt = agent.collect_policy_reward(collector_address=staker, staker_address=staker)
     assert receipt['status'] == 1, "Transaction Rejected"
diff --git a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_staking_escrow_agent.py b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_staking_escrow_agent.py
index dab2962d8..7091c2b1a 100644
--- a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_staking_escrow_agent.py
+++ b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_staking_escrow_agent.py
@@ -35,8 +35,10 @@ def test_deposit_tokens(testerchain, agency, token_economics):
     staker_account = testerchain.unassigned_accounts[0]
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Deployer)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=testerchain.etherbase_account)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=testerchain.etherbase_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     balance = token_agent.get_balance(address=staker_account)
     assert balance == 0
@@ -47,8 +49,10 @@ def test_deposit_tokens(testerchain, agency, token_economics):
                                    sender_address=testerchain.etherbase_account)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Ursula-Staker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=staker_account)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=staker_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     #
     # Deposit: The staker deposits tokens in the StakingEscrow contract.
@@ -168,8 +172,10 @@ def test_confirm_activity(agency, testerchain):
     staker_account, worker_account, *other = testerchain.unassigned_accounts
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Ursula-Worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=worker_account)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=worker_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     receipt = staking_agent.confirm_activity(worker_address=worker_account)
     assert receipt['status'] == 1, "Transaction Rejected"
@@ -223,8 +229,10 @@ def test_collect_staking_reward(agency, testerchain):
     testerchain.time_travel(periods=2)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Ursula-Staker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=staker_account)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=staker_account)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     # Mint
     _receipt = staking_agent.mint(staker_address=staker_account)
diff --git a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_token_agent.py b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_token_agent.py
index dd96ce039..5065e9b76 100644
--- a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_token_agent.py
+++ b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_token_agent.py
@@ -68,8 +68,10 @@ def test_approve_transfer(agent, token_economics):
     deployer, someone, *everybody_else = testerchain.client.accounts
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=someone)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=someone)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     # Approve
     receipt = agent.approve_transfer(amount=token_economics.minimum_allowed_locked,
@@ -85,8 +87,10 @@ def test_transfer(agent, token_economics):
     origin, someone, *everybody_else = testerchain.client.accounts
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Deployer)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=origin)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=origin)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     old_balance = agent.get_balance(someone)
     receipt = agent.transfer(amount=token_economics.minimum_allowed_locked,
diff --git a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_user_escrow_agent.py b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_user_escrow_agent.py
index f9e983fd7..62b3c496d 100644
--- a/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_user_escrow_agent.py
+++ b/tests/blockchain/eth/entities/agents/test_user_escrow_agent.py
@@ -57,8 +57,10 @@ def agent(testerchain, proxy_deployer, allocation_value) -> UserEscrowAgent:
     deployer_address, beneficiary_address, *everybody_else = testerchain.client.accounts
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Deployer)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=deployer_address)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=deployer_address)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     # Escrow
     escrow_deployer = UserEscrowDeployer(deployer_address=deployer_address,
@@ -143,8 +145,10 @@ def test_deposit_and_withdraw_as_staker(testerchain, agent, agency, allocation_v
     assert token_agent.get_balance(address=agent.contract_address) == allocation_value
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=agent.beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=agent.beneficiary)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     # Move the tokens to the StakingEscrow
     receipt = agent.deposit_as_staker(value=token_economics.minimum_allowed_locked, periods=token_economics.minimum_locked_periods)
@@ -162,8 +166,10 @@ def test_deposit_and_withdraw_as_staker(testerchain, agent, agency, allocation_v
     assert staking_agent.get_locked_tokens(staker_address=agent.contract_address, periods=token_economics.minimum_locked_periods+1) == 0
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Beneficiary-Worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=worker)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     for _ in range(token_economics.minimum_locked_periods):
         staking_agent.confirm_activity(worker_address=worker)
@@ -171,8 +177,10 @@ def test_deposit_and_withdraw_as_staker(testerchain, agent, agency, allocation_v
     testerchain.time_travel(periods=1)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=agent.beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=agent.beneficiary)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     agent.mint()
 
@@ -195,8 +203,10 @@ def test_collect_policy_reward(testerchain, agent, agency, token_economics):
     deployer_address, beneficiary_address, author, ursula, *everybody_else = testerchain.client.accounts
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=agent.beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=agent.beneficiary)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     _txhash = agent.deposit_as_staker(value=token_economics.minimum_allowed_locked, periods=token_economics.minimum_locked_periods)
 
@@ -207,8 +217,10 @@ def test_collect_policy_reward(testerchain, agent, agency, token_economics):
     testerchain.time_travel(periods=1)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Alice)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=author)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=author)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     _txhash = policy_agent.create_policy(policy_id=os.urandom(16),
                                          author_address=author,
@@ -218,8 +230,10 @@ def test_collect_policy_reward(testerchain, agent, agency, token_economics):
                                          node_addresses=[agent.contract_address])
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Beneficiary-Worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=worker)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=worker)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     _txhash = staking_agent.confirm_activity(worker_address=worker)
     testerchain.time_travel(periods=2)
@@ -228,8 +242,10 @@ def test_collect_policy_reward(testerchain, agent, agency, token_economics):
     old_balance = testerchain.client.get_balance(account=agent.beneficiary)
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=agent.beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=agent.beneficiary)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     txhash = agent.collect_policy_reward()
     assert txhash  # TODO
@@ -241,8 +257,10 @@ def test_withdraw_tokens(testerchain, agent, agency, allocation_value):
     deployer_address, beneficiary_address, *everybody_else = testerchain.client.accounts
 
     # Mock Powerup consumption (Beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=agent.beneficiary)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=agent.beneficiary)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     assert token_agent.get_balance(address=agent.contract_address) == agent.unvested_tokens
     with pytest.raises((TransactionFailed, ValueError)):
diff --git a/tests/crypto/test_powers.py b/tests/crypto/test_powers.py
index ceed355c4..134a8f17c 100644
--- a/tests/crypto/test_powers.py
+++ b/tests/crypto/test_powers.py
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ def test_transacting_power_sign_message(testerchain):
     # Manually create a TransactingPower
     testerchain.connect()
     eth_address = testerchain.etherbase_account
-    power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=eth_address)
+    power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                             password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                             account=eth_address)
 
     # The default state of the account is locked.
     # Test a signature without unlocking the account
diff --git a/tests/fixtures.py b/tests/fixtures.py
index 1e062f040..1d636cd5b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures.py
+++ b/tests/fixtures.py
@@ -293,7 +293,6 @@ def capsule_side_channel(enacted_federated_policy):
             self.messages = []
             self()
 
-
     return _CapsuleSideChannel()
 
 
@@ -313,8 +312,12 @@ def federated_alice(alice_federated_test_config):
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="module")
-def blockchain_alice(alice_blockchain_test_config):
-    _alice = alice_blockchain_test_config.produce()
+def blockchain_alice(alice_blockchain_test_config, testerchain):
+    transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                         account=alice_blockchain_test_config.checksum_address,
+                                         password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    transacting_power.activate()
+    _alice = alice_blockchain_test_config.produce(additional_powers=[transacting_power])
     return _alice
 
 
@@ -325,8 +328,11 @@ def federated_bob(bob_federated_test_config):
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="module")
-def blockchain_bob(bob_blockchain_test_config):
-    _bob = bob_blockchain_test_config.produce()
+def blockchain_bob(bob_blockchain_test_config, testerchain):
+    transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                         account=bob_blockchain_test_config.checksum_address,
+                                         password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    _bob = bob_blockchain_test_config.produce(additional_powers=[transacting_power])
     return _bob
 
 
@@ -370,8 +376,10 @@ def testerchain():
 
     # Mock TransactingPower Consumption (Deployer)
     testerchain.deployer_address = testerchain.etherbase_account
-    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain, account=testerchain.deployer_address)
-    testerchain.transacting_power.activate(password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD)
+    testerchain.transacting_power = TransactingPower(blockchain=testerchain,
+                                                     password=INSECURE_DEVELOPMENT_PASSWORD,
+                                                     account=testerchain.deployer_address)
+    testerchain.transacting_power.activate()
 
     yield testerchain
     testerchain.disconnect()