finalized procedural docs for writing with csv
Scott Anderson
parent
1be8f826ca
commit
4e82a5f551
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@ -75,8 +75,11 @@ The **column value** is the **tag value**.
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#### dateTime
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Indicates the column is the **timestamp**.
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`time` is as an alias for `dateTime`.
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If the [timestamp format](#supported-timestamp-formats) includes a time zone,
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the parsed timestamp respects the time zone.
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By default, all timestamps are UTC.
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Use the [`#timezone` annotation](#timezone) to adjust timestamps to a specific timezone.
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You can also use the [`#timezone` annotation](#timezone) to adjust timestamps to
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a specific time zone.
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{{% note %}}
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There can only be **one** `dateTime` column.
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@ -99,7 +102,6 @@ Append the timestamp format to the `dateTime` datatype with (`:`).
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| **RFC3339** | RFC3339 timestamp | `2020-01-01T00:00:00Z` |
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| **RFC3339Nano** | RFC3339 timestamp | `2020-01-01T00:00:00.000000000Z` |
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| **number** | Unix timestamp | `1577836800000000000` |
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| **2006-01-02** | YYYY-MM-DD date | `2020-01-01` |
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{{% note %}}
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If using the `number` timestamp format and timestamps are **not nanosecond Unix timestamps**,
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@ -107,6 +109,11 @@ use the [`--precision` flag](/v2.0/reference/cli/influx/write/#flags) with the
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`influx write` command to specify the timestamp precision.
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{{% /note %}}
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##### Custom timestamp formats
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To specify a custom timestamp format, use timestamp formats as described in the
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[Go time package](https://golang.org/pkg/time).
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For example: `2020-01-01`.
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#### field
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Indicates the column is a **field** and auto-detects the field type.
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The **column label** is the **field key**.
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@ -120,6 +127,12 @@ The column is a **field** of a specified type.
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The **column label** is the **field key**.
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The **column value** is the **field value**.
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- [string](#string)
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- [double](#double)
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- [long](#long)
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- [unsignedLong](#unsignedlong)
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- [boolean](#boolean)
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##### string
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Column is a **[string](/v2.0/reference/glossary/#string) field**.
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@ -156,15 +169,81 @@ For example:
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{{% note %}}
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If your **float separators** include a comma (`,`), wrap the column annotation in double
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quotes (`""`) to prevent the comma from being parsed as column separator or delimitter.
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quotes (`""`) to prevent the comma from being parsed as column separator or delimiter.
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You can also [define a custom column separator](#define-custom-column-separator).
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{{% /note %}}
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##### long
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Column is an **[integer](/v2.0/reference/glossary/#integer) field**.
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If column values contain separators such as periods (`.`) or commas (`,`), specify
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the following **integer separators**:
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- **fraction separator**: Separates the fraction from the whole number.
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_**Integer values are truncated at the fraction separator when converted to line protocol.**_
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- **ignored separator**: Visually separates the whole number into groups but should
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be ignored when parsing the integer value.
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Use the following syntax to specify **integer separators**:
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```sh
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# Syntax
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<fraction-separator><ignored-separator>
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# Example
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.,
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# With the integer separators above
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# 1,200,000.00 => 1200000i
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```
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Append **integer separators** to the `long` datatype annotation with a colon (`:`).
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For example:
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```
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#datatype "fieldName|long:.,"
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```
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{{% note %}}
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If your **integer separators** include a comma (`,`), wrap the column annotation in double
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quotes (`""`) to prevent the comma from being parsed as column separator or delimiter.
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You can also [define a custom column separator](#define-custom-column-separator).
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{{% /note %}}
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##### unsignedLong
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Column is an **[unsigned integer](/v2.0/reference/glossary/#unsigned-integer) field**.
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Column is an **[unsigned integer (uinteger)](/v2.0/reference/glossary/#unsigned-integer) field**.
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If column values contain separators such as periods (`.`) or commas (`,`), specify
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the following **uinteger separators**:
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- **fraction separator**: Separates the fraction from the whole number.
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_**Uinteger values are truncated at the fraction separator when converted to line protocol.**_
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- **ignored separator**: Visually separates the whole number into groups but should
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be ignored when parsing the uinteger value.
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Use the following syntax to specify **uinteger separators**:
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```sh
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# Syntax
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<fraction-separator><ignored-separator>
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# Example
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.,
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# With the uinteger separators above
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# 1,200,000.00 => 1200000u
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```
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Append **uinteger separators** to the `long` datatype annotation with a colon (`:`).
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For example:
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```
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#datatype "fieldName|usignedLong:.,"
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```
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{{% note %}}
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If your **uinteger separators** include a comma (`,`), wrap the column annotation in double
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quotes (`""`) to prevent the comma from being parsed as column separator or delimiter.
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You can also [define a custom column separator](#define-custom-column-separator).
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{{% /note %}}
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##### boolean
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Column is a **[boolean](/v2.0/reference/glossary/#boolean) field**.
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@ -176,10 +255,11 @@ specify the **boolean format** with the following syntax:
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<true-values>:<false-values>
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# Example
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y,Y:n,N
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y,Y,1:n,N,0
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# With the boolean format above
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# y => true, Y => true, n => false, N => false
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# y => true, Y => true, 1 => true
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# n => false, N => false, 0 => false
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```
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Append the **boolean format** to the `boolean` datatype annotation with a colon (`:`).
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@ -16,24 +16,430 @@ related:
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---
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Use the [`influx write` command](/v2.0/reference/cli/influx/write/) to write CSV data
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to InfluxDB. Include annotations with the CSV data to specify how the data translates
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into [line protocol](/v2.0/reference/syntax/line-protocol/).
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to InfluxDB. Include [Extended annotated CSV](/v2.0/reference/syntax/annotated-csv/extended/)
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annotations to specify how the data translates into [line protocol](/v2.0/reference/syntax/line-protocol/).
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Include annotations in the CSV file or inject them using the `--header` flag of
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the `influx write` command.
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InfluxDB requires the following for each point written:
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##### On this page
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- [CSV Annotations](#csv-annotations)
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- [Inject annotation headers](#inject-annotation-headers)
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- [Skip annotation headers](#skip-annotation-headers)
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- [Process input as CSV](#process-input-as-csv)
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- [Specify CSV character encoding](#specify-csv-character-encoding)
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- [Skip rows with errors](#skip-rows-with-errors)
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- [Advanced examples](#advanced-examples)
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- measurement
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- field set
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- timestamp
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- (optional) tag set
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##### Example write command
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```sh
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influx write -b example-bucket -f path/to/example.csv
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```
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- Extended annotated CSV
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##### example.csv
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```
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#datatype measurement,tag,float,dateTime:RFC3339
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m,host,used_percent,time
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mem,host1,64.23,2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
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mem,host2,72.01,2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
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mem,host1,62.61,2020-01-01T00:00:10Z
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mem,host2,72.98,2020-01-01T00:00:10Z
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mem,host1,63.40,2020-01-01T00:00:20Z
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mem,host2,73.77,2020-01-01T00:00:20Z
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```
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- Write command
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- inject annotation headers
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- skip headers
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##### Resulting line protocol
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```
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mem,host=host1 used_percent=64.23 1577836800000000000
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mem,host=host2 used_percent=72.01 1577836800000000000
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mem,host=host1 used_percent=62.61 1577836810000000000
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mem,host=host2 used_percent=72.98 1577836810000000000
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mem,host=host1 used_percent=63.40 1577836820000000000
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mem,host=host2 used_percent=73.77 1577836820000000000
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```
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- Example commands
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- Write the raw results of a Flux query
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- Simple annotated CSV with #datatype annotation
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- Annotated CSV with #datatype and CSV annotations
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- Include defaults with the #datatype annotation
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{{% note %}}
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To test the CSV to line protocol conversion process, include the `--dryrun` flag
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with the `influx write` command to print the resulting line protocol to stdout
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rather than write to InfluxDB.
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{{% /note %}}
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## CSV Annotations
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Use **CSV annotations** to specify which element of line protocol each CSV column
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represents and how to format the data. CSV annotations are rows at the beginning
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of a CSV file that describe column properties.
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The `influx write` command supports [Extended annotated CSV](/v2.0/reference/syntax/annotated-csv/extended)
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which provides options for specifying how CSV data should be converted into line
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protocol and how data is formatted.
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To write data to InfluxDB, data must include the following:
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- [measurement](/v2.0/reference/syntax/line-protocol/#measurement)
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- [field set](/v2.0/reference/syntax/line-protocol/#field-set)
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- [timestamp](/v2.0/reference/syntax/line-protocol/#timestamp) _(Optional but recommended)_
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- [tag set](/v2.0/reference/syntax/line-protocol/#tag-set) _(Optional)_
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Use CSV annotations to specify which of these elements each column represents.
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## Write raw query results back to InfluxDB
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Flux returns query results in [Annotated CSV](/v2.0/reference/syntax/annotated-csv/).
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These results include all annotations necessary to write the data back to InfluxDB.
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## Inject annotation headers
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If the CSV data you want to write to InfluxDB does not contain the annotations
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required to properly convert the data to line protocol, use the `--header` flag
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to inject annotation rows into the CSV data.
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```sh
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influx write -b example-bucket \
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-f path/to/example.csv \
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--header "#constant measurement,birds" \
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--header "#datatype dataTime:2006-01-02,long,tag"
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```
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{{< flex >}}
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{{% flex-content %}}
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##### example.csv
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```
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date,sighted,loc
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2020-01-01,12,Boise
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2020-06-01,78,Boise
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2020-01-01,54,Seattle
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2020-06-01,112,Seattle
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2020-01-01,9,Detroit
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2020-06-01,135,Detroit
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```
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{{% /flex-content %}}
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{{% flex-content %}}
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##### Resulting line protocol
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```
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birds,loc=Boise sighted=12 1577836800000000000
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birds,loc=Boise sighted=78 1590969600000000000
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birds,loc=Seattle sighted=54 1577836800000000000
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birds,loc=Seattle sighted=112 1590969600000000000
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birds,loc=Detroit sighted=9 1577836800000000000
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birds,loc=Detroit sighted=135 1590969600000000000
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```
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{{% /flex-content %}}
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{{< /flex >}}
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## Skip annotation headers
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Some CSV data may include annotations that conflict with annotations necessary to
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write CSV data to InfluxDB.
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Use the `--skipHeader` flag to specify the **number of rows to skip** at the
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beginning of the CSV data.
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```sh
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influx write -b example-bucket \
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-f path/to/example.csv \
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--skipHeader=2
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```
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## Process input as CSV
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The `influx write` command automatically processes files with the `.csv` extension as CSV files.
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If your CSV file uses a different extension, use the `--format` flat to explicitly
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declare the format of the input file.
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```sh
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influx write -b example-bucket \
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-f path/to/example.txt \
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--format csv
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```
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{{% note %}}
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The `influx write` command assumes all input files are line protocol unless they
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include the `.csv` extension or you declare the `csv`.
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{{% /note %}}
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## Specify CSV character encoding
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The `influx write` command assumes CSV files contain UTF-8 encoded characters.
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If your CSV data uses different character encoding, specify the encoding
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with the `--encoding`.
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```sh
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influx write -b example-bucket \
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-f path/to/example.csv \
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--encoding "UTF-16"
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```
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## Skip rows with errors
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If a row in your CSV data is missing an
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[element required to write to InfluxDB](/v2.0/reference/syntax/line-protocol/#elements-of-line-protocol)
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or data is incorrectly formatted, when processing the row, the `influx write` command
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returns an error and cancels the write request.
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To skip rows with errors, use the `--skipRowOnError` flag.
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```sh
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influx write -b example-bucket \
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-f path/to/example.csv \
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--skipRowOnError
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```
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{{% warn %}}
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Skipped rows are ignored and are not written to InfluxDB.
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{{% /warn %}}
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## Advanced examples
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- [Define constants](#define-constants)
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- [Annotation shorthand](#annotation-shorthand)
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- [Use alternate numeric formats](#use-alternate-numeric-formats)
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- [Use alternate boolean format](#use-alternate-boolean-format)
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- [Use different timestamp formats](#use-different-timestamp-formats)
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---
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### Define constants
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Use the Extended annotated CSV [`#constant` annotation](/v2.0/reference/syntax/annotated-csv/extended/#constant)
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to add a column and value to each row in the CSV data.
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{{< flex >}}
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{{% flex-content %}}
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##### CSV with constants
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```
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#constant measurement,example
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#constant tag,source,csv
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#datatype long,dateTime:RFC3339
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count,time
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1,2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
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4,2020-01-02T00:00:00Z
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9,2020-01-03T00:00:00Z
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18,2020-01-04T00:00:00Z
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```
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{{% /flex-content %}}
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{{% flex-content %}}
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##### Resulting line protocol
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```
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example,source=csv count=1 1577836800000000000
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example,source=csv count=4 1577923200000000000
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example,source=csv count=9 1578009600000000000
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example,source=csv count=18 1578096000000000000
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```
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{{% /flex-content %}}
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{{< /flex >}}
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---
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### Annotation shorthand
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Extended annotated CSV supports [annotation shorthand](/v2.0/reference/syntax/annotated-csv/extended/#annotation-shorthand),
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which lets you define the **column label**, **datatype**, and **default value** in the column header.
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{{< flex >}}
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{{% flex-content %}}
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##### CSV with annotation shorthand
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```
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m|measurement,count|long|0,time|dateTime:RFC3339
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example,1,2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
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example,4,2020-01-02T00:00:00Z
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example,,2020-01-03T00:00:00Z
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example,18,2020-01-04T00:00:00Z
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```
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{{% /flex-content %}}
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{{% flex-content %}}
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##### Resulting line protocol
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```
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example count=1 1577836800000000000
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example count=4 1577923200000000000
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example count=0 1578009600000000000
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example count=18 1578096000000000000
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```
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{{% /flex-content %}}
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{{< /flex >}}
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#### Replace column header with annotation shorthand
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It's possible to replace the column header row in a CSV file with annotation
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shorthand without modifying the CSV file.
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This lets you define column data types and default values while writing to InfluxDB.
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To replace an existing column header row with annotation shorthand:
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1. Use the `--skipHeader` flag to ignore the existing column header row.
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2. Use the `--header` flag to inject a new column header row that uses annotation shorthand.
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<!-- -->
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```sh
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influx write -b example-bucket \
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-f example.csv \
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--skipHeader=1
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--header="m|measurement,count|long|0,time|dateTime:RFC3339"
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```
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{{< flex >}}
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{{% flex-content %}}
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##### Unmodified example.csv
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```
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m,count,time
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example,1,2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
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example,4,2020-01-02T00:00:00Z
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example,,2020-01-03T00:00:00Z
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example,18,2020-01-04T00:00:00Z
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```
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{{% /flex-content %}}
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{{% flex-content %}}
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##### Resulting line protocol
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```
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example count=1 1577836800000000000
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example count=4 1577923200000000000
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example count=0 1578009600000000000
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example count=18 1578096000000000000
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```
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{{% /flex-content %}}
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{{< /flex >}}
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---
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### Use alternate numeric formats
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If your CSV data contains numeric values that use a non-default fraction separator (`.`)
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or contain group separators, [define your numeric format](/v2.0/reference/syntax/annotated-csv/extended/#double)
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in the `double`, `long`, and `unsignedLong` datatype annotations.
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{{% note %}}
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If your **numeric format separators** include a comma (`,`), wrap the column annotation in double
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quotes (`""`) to prevent the comma from being parsed as column separator or delimiter.
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You can also [define a custom column separator](##################).
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{{% /note %}}
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{{< tabs-wrapper >}}
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{{% tabs %}}
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[Floats](#)
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[Integers](#)
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[Uintegers](#)
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{{% /tabs %}}
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{{% tab-content %}}
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{{< flex >}}
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{{% flex-content %}}
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##### CSV with non-default float values
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```
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#datatype measurement,"double:.,",dateTime:RFC3339
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m,lbs,time
|
||||
example,"1,280.7",2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"1,352.5",2020-01-02T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"1,862.8",2020-01-03T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"2,014.9",2020-01-04T00:00:00Z
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{% flex-content %}}
|
||||
##### Resulting line protocol
|
||||
```
|
||||
example lbs=1280.7 1577836800000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1352.5 1577923200000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1862.8 1578009600000000000
|
||||
example lbs=2014.9 1578096000000000000
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{< /flex >}}
|
||||
{{% /tab-content %}}
|
||||
|
||||
{{% tab-content %}}
|
||||
{{< flex >}}
|
||||
{{% flex-content %}}
|
||||
##### CSV with non-default integer values
|
||||
```
|
||||
#datatype measurement,"long:.,",dateTime:RFC3339
|
||||
m,lbs,time
|
||||
example,"1,280.0",2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"1,352.0",2020-01-02T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"1,862.0",2020-01-03T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"2,014.9",2020-01-04T00:00:00Z
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{% flex-content %}}
|
||||
##### Resulting line protocol
|
||||
```
|
||||
example lbs=1280i 1577836800000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1352i 1577923200000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1862i 1578009600000000000
|
||||
example lbs=2014i 1578096000000000000
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{< /flex >}}
|
||||
{{% /tab-content %}}
|
||||
|
||||
{{% tab-content %}}
|
||||
{{< flex >}}
|
||||
{{% flex-content %}}
|
||||
##### CSV with non-default uinteger values
|
||||
```
|
||||
#datatype measurement,"unsignedLong:.,",dateTime:RFC3339
|
||||
m,lbs,time
|
||||
example,"1,280.0",2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"1,352.0",2020-01-02T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"1,862.0",2020-01-03T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"2,014.9",2020-01-04T00:00:00Z
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{% flex-content %}}
|
||||
##### Resulting line protocol
|
||||
```
|
||||
example lbs=1280u 1577836800000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1352u 1577923200000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1862u 1578009600000000000
|
||||
example lbs=2014u 1578096000000000000
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{< /flex >}}
|
||||
{{% /tab-content %}}
|
||||
{{< /tabs-wrapper >}}
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Use alternate boolean format
|
||||
Line protocol supports only [specific boolean values](/v2.0/reference/syntax/line-protocol/#boolean).
|
||||
If your CSV data contains boolean values that line protocol does not support,
|
||||
[define your boolean format](/v2.0/reference/syntax/annotated-csv/extended/#boolean)
|
||||
in the `boolean` datatype annotation.
|
||||
|
||||
{{< flex >}}
|
||||
{{% flex-content %}}
|
||||
##### CSV with non-default boolean values
|
||||
```
|
||||
sep=;
|
||||
#datatype measurement,"boolean:y,Y,1:n,N,0",dateTime:RFC3339
|
||||
m,lbs,time
|
||||
example,"1,280.7",2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"1,352.5",2020-01-02T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"1,862.8",2020-01-03T00:00:00Z
|
||||
example,"2,014.9",2020-01-04T00:00:00Z
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{% flex-content %}}
|
||||
##### Resulting line protocol
|
||||
```
|
||||
example lbs=1280.7 1577836800000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1352.5 1577923200000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1862.8 1578009600000000000
|
||||
example lbs=2014.9 1578096000000000000
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{< /flex >}}
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Use different timestamp formats
|
||||
The `influx write` command automatically detects **RFC3339** and **number** formatted
|
||||
timestamps when converting CSV to line protocol.
|
||||
If using a different timestamp format, [define your timestamp format](/v2.0/reference/syntax/annotated-csv/extended/#datetime)
|
||||
in the `dateTime` datatype annotation.
|
||||
|
||||
{{< flex >}}
|
||||
{{% flex-content %}}
|
||||
##### CSV with non-default timestamps
|
||||
```
|
||||
#datatype measurement,dateTime:2006-01-02,field
|
||||
m,time,lbs
|
||||
example,2020-01-01,1280.7
|
||||
example,2020-01-02,1352.5
|
||||
example,2020-01-03,1862.8
|
||||
example,2020-01-04,2014.9
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{% flex-content %}}
|
||||
##### Resulting line protocol
|
||||
```
|
||||
example lbs=1280.7 1577836800000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1352.5 1577923200000000000
|
||||
example lbs=1862.8 1578009600000000000
|
||||
example lbs=2014.9 1578096000000000000
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /flex-content %}}
|
||||
{{< /flex >}}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue