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Updates SQL reference (#5886) 

* sql reference updates

* updated emphasis markers to pass lint
pull/5884/head^2
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---
title: SQL binary string functions
list_title: Binary string functions
description: >
Use binary string functions to encode and decode binary string values in
SQL queries.
menu:
influxdb3_cloud_dedicated:
name: Binary string
parent: sql-functions
weight: 308
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
---
<!--
The content of this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
-->

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---
title: SQL hashing functions
list_title: Hashing functions
description: >
Use hashing functions to hash string values in SQL queries using established
hashing algorithms.
menu:
influxdb3_cloud_dedicated:
name: Hashing
parent: sql-functions
weight: 309
source: /shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
---
<!--
The content for this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
-->

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@ -10,19 +10,21 @@ menu:
parent: Operators
weight: 302
list_code_example: |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :---------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :--------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `IS DISTINCT FROM` | Is distinct from | `0 IS DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `IS NOT DISTINCT FROM` | Is not distinct from | `0 IS NOT DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/operators/comparison.md
---

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---
title: SQL binary string functions
list_title: Binary string functions
description: >
Use binary string functions to encode and decode binary string values in
SQL queries.
menu:
influxdb3_cloud_serverless:
name: Binary string
parent: sql-functions
weight: 308
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
---
<!--
The content of this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
-->

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---
title: SQL hashing functions
list_title: Hashing functions
description: >
Use hashing functions to hash string values in SQL queries using established
hashing algorithms.
menu:
influxdb3_cloud_serverless:
name: Hashing
parent: sql-functions
weight: 309
source: /shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
---
<!--
The content for this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
-->

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parent: Operators
weight: 302
list_code_example: |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :---------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :--------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `IS DISTINCT FROM` | Is distinct from | `0 IS DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `IS NOT DISTINCT FROM` | Is not distinct from | `0 IS NOT DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/operators/comparison.md
---

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---
title: SQL binary string functions
list_title: Binary string functions
description: >
Use binary string functions to encode and decode binary string values in
SQL queries.
menu:
influxdb3_clustered:
name: Binary string
parent: sql-functions
weight: 308
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
---
<!--
The content of this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
-->

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---
title: SQL hashing functions
list_title: Hashing functions
description: >
Use hashing functions to hash string values in SQL queries using established
hashing algorithms.
menu:
influxdb3_clustered:
name: Hashing
parent: sql-functions
weight: 309
source: /shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
---
<!--
The content for this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
-->

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parent: Operators
weight: 302
list_code_example: |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :---------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :--------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `IS DISTINCT FROM` | Is distinct from | `0 IS DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `IS NOT DISTINCT FROM` | Is not distinct from | `0 IS NOT DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/operators/comparison.md
---

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---
title: SQL binary string functions
list_title: Binary string functions
description: >
Use binary string functions to encode and decode binary string values in
SQL queries.
menu:
influxdb3_core:
name: Binary string
parent: sql-functions
weight: 308
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
---
<!--
The content of this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
-->

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---
title: SQL hashing functions
list_title: Hashing functions
description: >
Use hashing functions to hash string values in SQL queries using established
hashing algorithms.
menu:
influxdb3_core:
name: Hashing
parent: sql-functions
weight: 309
source: /shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
---
<!--
The content for this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
-->

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@ -10,19 +10,21 @@ menu:
parent: Operators
weight: 302
list_code_example: |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :---------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :--------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `IS DISTINCT FROM` | Is distinct from | `0 IS DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `IS NOT DISTINCT FROM` | Is not distinct from | `0 IS NOT DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/operators/comparison.md
---

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@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
---
title: SQL binary string functions
list_title: Binary string functions
description: >
Use binary string functions to encode and decode binary string values in
SQL queries.
menu:
influxdb3_enterprise:
name: Binary string
parent: sql-functions
weight: 308
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
---
<!--
The content of this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/binary-string.md
-->

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@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
---
title: SQL hashing functions
list_title: Hashing functions
description: >
Use hashing functions to hash string values in SQL queries using established
hashing algorithms.
menu:
influxdb3_enterprise:
name: Hashing
parent: sql-functions
weight: 309
source: /shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
---
<!--
The content for this page is at
// SOURCE /content/shared/sql-reference/functions/hashing.md
-->

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@ -10,19 +10,21 @@ menu:
parent: Operators
weight: 302
list_code_example: |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :---------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
| Operator | Meaning | Example |
| :--------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------- |
| `=` | Equal to | `123 = 123` |
| `<>` | Not equal to | `123 <> 456` |
| `!=` | Not equal to | `123 != 456` |
| `>` | Greater than | `3 > 2` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | `3 >= 2` |
| `<` | Less than | `1 < 2` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | `1 <= 2` |
| `IS DISTINCT FROM` | Is distinct from | `0 IS DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `IS NOT DISTINCT FROM` | Is not distinct from | `0 IS NOT DISTINCT FROM 1` |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | `'abc' ~ 'a.*'` |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' ~* 'A.*'` |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | `'abc' !~ 'd.*'` |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | `'Abc' !~* 'a.*'` |
source: /content/shared/sql-reference/operators/comparison.md
---

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@ -12,11 +12,14 @@ aggregate value.
- [bool_or](#bool_or)
- [count](#count)
- [first_value](#first_value)
- [grouping](#grouping)
- [last_value](#last_value)
- [max](#max)
- [mean](#mean)
- [median](#median)
- [min](#min)
- [nth_value](#nth_value)
- [string_agg](#string_agg)
- [sum](#sum)
- [Statistical aggregate functions](#statistical-aggregate-functions)
- [corr](#corr)
@ -37,7 +40,9 @@ aggregate value.
- [stddev_samp](#stddev_samp)
- [var](#var)
- [var_pop](#var_pop)
- [var_population](#var_population)
- [var_samp](#var_samp)
- [var_sample](#var_sample)
- [Approximate aggregate functions](#approximate-aggregate-functions)
- [approx_distinct](#approx_distinct)
- [approx_median](#approx_median)
@ -57,11 +62,14 @@ aggregate value.
- [bool_or](#bool_or)
- [count](#count)
- [first_value](#first_value)
- [grouping](#grouping)
- [last_value](#last_value)
- [max](#max)
- [mean](#mean)
- [median](#median)
- [min](#min)
- [nth_value](#nth_value)
- [string_agg](#string_agg)
- [sum](#sum)
### array_agg
@ -69,9 +77,8 @@ aggregate value.
Returns an array created from the expression elements.
> [!Note]
> `array_agg` returns a `LIST` arrow type which is not supported by InfluxDB.
> To use with InfluxDB, use bracket notation to reference the index of an element
> in the returned array. Arrays are 1-indexed.
> `array_agg` returns a `LIST` arrow type. Use bracket notation to reference the
> index of an element in the returned array. Arrays are 1-indexed.
```sql
array_agg(expression)
@ -85,8 +92,7 @@ array_agg(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `array_agg` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in the
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -124,18 +130,22 @@ avg(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `avg` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather data](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
location,
avg(water_level) AS water_level_avg
FROM h2o_feet
avg(precip) AS avg_precip
FROM weather
GROUP BY location
```
| location | water_level_avg |
| :----------- | -----------------: |
| coyote_creek | 5.359142420303919 |
| santa_monica | 3.5307120942458843 |
| location | avg_precip |
| :------------ | -------------------: |
| Concord | 0.027120658135283374 |
| Hayward | 0.03708029197080292 |
| San Francisco | 0.03750912408759125 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
@ -397,6 +407,45 @@ GROUP BY location
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
### grouping
Returns 1 if the data is aggregated across the specified column, or 0 if it is
not aggregated in the result set.
```sql
grouping(expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: Expression to evaluate whether data is aggregated across the
specified column. Can be a constant, column, or function.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `grouping` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather data](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
location,
avg(temp_max) AS avg_max_temp,
grouping(location) AS grouping
FROM weather
GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((location), ())
```
| location | avg_max_temp | grouping |
| :------------ | ----------------: | -------: |
| Concord | 75.54379562043796 | 0 |
| Hayward | 69.12043795620438 | 0 |
| San Francisco | 67.59945255474453 | 0 |
| | 70.75456204379562 | 1 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
### last_value
Returns the last element in an aggregation group according to the specified ordering.
@ -453,18 +502,22 @@ _To return both the maximum value and its associated timestamp, use
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `max` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather data](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
location,
max(water_level) AS water_level_max
FROM h2o_feet
max(precip) AS max_precip
FROM weather
GROUP BY location
```
| location | water_level_max |
| :----------- | --------------: |
| santa_monica | 7.205 |
| coyote_creek | 9.964 |
| location | max_precip |
| :------------ | ---------: |
| Concord | 4.53 |
| Hayward | 4.34 |
| San Francisco | 4.02 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
@ -489,18 +542,22 @@ median(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `median` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather data](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
location,
median(water_level) AS water_level_max
FROM h2o_feet
median(temp_avg) AS median_temp_avg
FROM weather
GROUP BY location
```
| location | water_level_median |
| :----------- | -----------------: |
| coyote_creek | 5.4645 |
| santa_monica | 3.471 |
| location | median_temp_avg |
| :------------ | --------------: |
| Concord | 61.0 |
| Hayward | 59.0 |
| San Francisco | 58.0 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
@ -524,18 +581,103 @@ _To return both the minimum value and its associated timestamp, use
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `min` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather data](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
location,
min(water_level) AS water_level_min
FROM h2o_feet
min(temp_min) AS min_temp_min
FROM weather
GROUP BY location
```
| location | water_level_min |
| :----------- | --------------: |
| coyote_creek | -0.61 |
| santa_monica | -0.243 |
| location | min_temp_min |
| :------------ | -----------: |
| Concord | 28.0 |
| Hayward | 32.0 |
| San Francisco | 35.0 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
### nth_value
Returns the nth value in a group of values.
```sql
nth_value(expression, n [ORDER BY order_expression_1, ... order_expression_n])
```
##### arguments
- **expression**: The column or expression to retrieve the nth value from.
- **n**: The position (nth) of the value to retrieve, based on the ordering.
- **order_expression_1, ... order_expression_n**: Expressions to order by.
Can be a column or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `nth_value` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
room,
nth_value(temp, 3 ORDER BY time) AS "3rd_temp"
FROM
home
GROUP BY
room
```
| room | 3rd_temp |
| :---------- | -------: |
| Living Room | 21.8 |
| Kitchen | 22.7 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
### string_agg
Concatenates the values of string expressions and places separator values between them.
```sql
string_agg(expression, delimiter)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: The string expression to concatenate.
Can be a column or any valid string expression.
- **delimiter**: A literal string to use as a separator between the concatenated
values.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `string_agg` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather data](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
location,
string_agg(temp_avg::STRING, ', ') AS string_agg
FROM
weather
WHERE
time > '2020-01-01T00:00:00Z'
AND time < '2020-01-05T00:00:00Z'
GROUP BY
location
```
| location | string_agg |
| :------------ | :--------------- |
| San Francisco | 54.0, 52.0, 54.0 |
| Hayward | 51.0, 50.0, 51.0 |
| Concord | 53.0, 49.0, 51.0 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
@ -556,18 +698,22 @@ sum(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sum` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather data](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
location,
sum(water_level) AS water_level_sum
FROM h2o_feet
sum(precip) AS total_precip
FROM weather
GROUP BY location
```
| location | water_level_sum |
| :----------- | -----------------: |
| santa_monica | 27024.070369358 |
| coyote_creek | 40750.918963991004 |
| location | total_precip |
| :------------ | -----------------: |
| Concord | 29.670000000000012 |
| Hayward | 40.64 |
| San Francisco | 41.110000000000014 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
@ -593,7 +739,9 @@ GROUP BY location
- [stddev_samp](#stddev_samp)
- [var](#var)
- [var_pop](#var_pop)
- [var_population](#var_population)
- [var_samp](#var_samp)
- [var_sample](#var_sample)
### corr
@ -611,8 +759,7 @@ corr(expression1, expression2)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `corr` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -646,8 +793,7 @@ covar(expression1, expression2)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `covar` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -681,8 +827,7 @@ covar_pop(expression1, expression2)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `covar_pop` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -716,8 +861,7 @@ covar_samp(expression1, expression2)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `covar_samp` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1099,8 +1243,7 @@ stddev(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `stddev` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1134,8 +1277,7 @@ stddev_pop(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `stddev_pop` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1169,8 +1311,7 @@ stddev_samp(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `stddev_samp` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1204,8 +1345,7 @@ var(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `var` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1236,11 +1376,14 @@ var_pop(expression)
- **expression**: Expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
##### Aliases
- var_population
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `var_pop` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1258,6 +1401,10 @@ GROUP BY room
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
### var_population
_Alias of [var_pop](#var_pop)._
### var_samp
Returns the statistical sample variance of a set of numbers.
@ -1271,11 +1418,14 @@ var_samp(expression)
- **expression**: Expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
##### Aliases
- var_sample
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `var_samp` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1293,6 +1443,10 @@ GROUP BY room
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
### var_sample
_Alias of [var_samp](#var_samp)._
## Approximate aggregate functions
- [approx_distinct](#approx_distinct)
@ -1317,8 +1471,7 @@ approx_distinct(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `approx_distinct` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1353,8 +1506,7 @@ approx_median(expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `approx_median` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1394,8 +1546,7 @@ approx_percentile_cont(expression, percentile, centroids)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `approx_percentile_cont` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -1433,8 +1584,7 @@ approx_percentile_cont_with_weight(expression, weight, percentile)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `approx_percentile_cont_with_weight` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT

68
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@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
Use binary string functions to encode and decode binary string values in
SQL queries.
- [decode](#decode)
- [encode](#encode)
## decode
Decode binary data from textual representation in string.
```sql
decode(expression, format)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: Expression containing encoded string data.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of string operators.
- **format**: Encoding format of the encoded string. Supported formats are:
- base64
- hex
##### Related functions
[encode](#encode)
## encode
Encode binary data into a textual representation.
```sql
encode(expression, format)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: Expression containing string or binary data.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of string operators.
- **format**: Encoding format to use. Supported formats are:
- base64
- hex
##### Related functions
[decode](#decode)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `encode` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
location,
encode(location::string, 'hex') AS location_encoded
FROM weather
```
| location | location_encoded |
| :------------ | :------------------------- |
| Concord | 436f6e636f7264 |
| Hayward | 48617977617264 |
| San Francisco | 53616e204672616e636973636f |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}

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@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ functions for conditionally handling _null_ values:
- [ifnull](#ifnull)
- [nullif](#nullif)
- [nvl](#nvl)
- [nvl2](#nvl2)
<!-- Will come with next DataFusion upgrade
- [greatest](#greatest)
- [least](#least)
-->
## coalesce
@ -50,10 +56,84 @@ FROM
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
<!--
## greatest
Returns the greatest value in a list of expressions.
Returns _null_ if all expressions are _null_.
```sql
greatest(expression1[, ..., expression_n])
```
##### Arguments
- **expression1, expression_n**: Expressions to compare and return the greatest value.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
Pass as many expression arguments as necessary.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `greatest` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[Random numbers sample dataset](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#random-numbers-sample-data)._
```sql
SELECT greatest(a, b) AS greatest FROM numbers LIMIT 4
```
| time | greatest |
| ------------------- | ------------------: |
| 2023-01-01T00:02:00 | -0.482943221384294 |
| 2023-01-01T00:03:00 | -0.0729732928756677 |
| 2023-01-01T00:04:00 | 1.77857552719844 |
| 2023-01-01T00:05:00 | 0.741147445214238 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
-->
## ifnull
_Alias of [nvl](#nvl)._
<!--
## least
Returns the least value in a list of expressions.
Returns _null_ if all expressions are _null_.
```sql
least(expression1[, ..., expression_n])
```
##### Arguments
- **expression1, expression_n**: Expressions to compare and return the least value.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
Pass as many expression arguments as necessary.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `least` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[Random numbers sample dataset](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#random-numbers-sample-data)._
```sql
SELECT least(a, b) AS least FROM numbers LIMIT 4
```
| time | least |
| ------------------- | -----------------: |
| 2023-01-01T00:02:00 | -0.921037167720451 |
| 2023-01-01T00:03:00 | -0.73880754843378 |
| 2023-01-01T00:04:00 | -0.905980032168252 |
| 2023-01-01T00:05:00 | -0.891164752631417 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
-->
## nullif
Returns _null_ if _expression1_ equals _expression2_; otherwise it returns _expression1_.
@ -130,3 +210,45 @@ FROM
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## nvl2
Returns _expression2_ if _expression1_ is **not** _null_; otherwise it returns _expression3_.
```sql
nvl2(expression1, expression2, expression3)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression1**: First expression to test for _null_.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
- **expression2**: Second expression to return if _expression1_ is not _null_.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
- **expression3**: Expression to return if _expression1_ is _null_.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `nvl2` query example" %}}
```sql
SELECT
val1,
val2,
val3,
nvl2(val1, val2, val3) AS nvl2
FROM
(values ('foo', 'bar', 'baz'),
(NULL, 'bar', 'baz'),
(NULL, NULL, 'baz'),
) data(val1, val2, val3)
```
| val1 | val2 | val3 | nvl2 |
| :--: | :--: | :--: | :--: |
| foo | bar | baz | bar |
| | bar | baz | baz |
| | | baz | baz |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}

231
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@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
Use hashing functions to hash string values in SQL queries using established
hashing algorithms.
- [digest](#digest)
- [md5](#md5)
- [sha224](#sha224)
- [sha256](#sha256)
- [sha384](#sha384)
- [sha512](#sha512)
## digest
Computes the binary hash of an expression using the specified algorithm.
```sql
digest(expression, algorithm)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: String expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
- **algorithm**: String expression specifying algorithm to use.
Must be one of the following:
- md5
- sha224
- sha256
- sha384
- sha512
- blake2s
- blake2b
- blake3
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `digest` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
location,
digest(location, 'sha256') AS location_digest
FROM weather
```
| location | location_digest |
| :------------ | :--------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Concord | 21e60acfb20fca2e38c5e51191d44235949de045912dca77e978333c1ec965a2 |
| Hayward | 5d5b651a71084f3117cca3381ff7102efbc318c2026e1d09d5d4707354883102 |
| San Francisco | 5aa34886f7f3741de8460690b636f4c8b7c2044df88e2e8adbb4f7e6f8534931 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## md5
Computes an MD5 128-bit checksum for a string expression.
```sql
md5(expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: String expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `md5` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
location,
md5(location) AS location_md5
FROM weather
```
| location | location_md5 |
| :------------ | :------------------------------- |
| Concord | 7c6a8e5769c20331e6a1b93a44021dbc |
| Hayward | 5823ccc25b256955c4e97cb4a23865ee |
| San Francisco | f4334fdfa1c728eae375fe781e2e2d9d |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## sha224
Computes the SHA-224 hash of a binary string.
```sql
sha224(expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: String expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sha224` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
location,
sha224(location) AS location_sha224
FROM weather
```
| location | location_sha224 |
| :------------ | :------------------------------------------------------- |
| Concord | 3f6c0456de97d3d752672161db8e6f0df115979460a2276d64386114 |
| Hayward | 767cfab6a1562e54f6906c8b5c9ee64583caa3f4b6c37a4298a7639f |
| San Francisco | f723898f95bd53cdaf9c057b6f2cf0537b29e0bff077dabb39059b76 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## sha256
Computes the SHA-256 hash of a binary string.
```sql
sha256(expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: String expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sha256` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
location,
sha256(location) AS location_sha256
FROM weather
```
| location | location_sha256 |
| :------------ | :--------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Concord | 21e60acfb20fca2e38c5e51191d44235949de045912dca77e978333c1ec965a2 |
| Hayward | 5d5b651a71084f3117cca3381ff7102efbc318c2026e1d09d5d4707354883102 |
| San Francisco | 5aa34886f7f3741de8460690b636f4c8b7c2044df88e2e8adbb4f7e6f8534931 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## sha384
Computes the SHA-384 hash of a binary string.
```sql
sha384(expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: String expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sha384` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
location,
sha384(location) AS location_sha384
FROM weather
```
| location | location_sha384 |
| :------------ | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Concord | 19bf5ba95a6c4a28d2a997fa4e03e542d24b111593395b587a3b357af50cc687364f27b4e96935c234e2ae69236c7883 |
| Hayward | 8b034ee0f7c8d191e145002722bf296a7f310f455458b9ffdbafcb2da2e2300d0f1e7868c6b1d512c81ae0c055979abd |
| San Francisco | 15c0c4a0e80f198e922235ee30a5c2b1e288c88f61bfc55ef9723903a0e948a7de04b65aa35b4ba46251b90460bab625 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## sha512
Computes the SHA-512 hash of a binary string.
```sql
sha512(expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: String expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sha512` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
location,
sha512(location) AS location_sha512
FROM weather
```
| location | location_sha512 |
| :------------ | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Concord | 227e28fd661eebb39b10f49728d17b03e3a1f0cc2d2a413a9f124292d77249a2c0d7cf99941fd3d2eabea1b2894698bbd12c2cf3a7137ec67fca221ee57e0ca7 |
| Hayward | 2db79fba2fc2888f9826d95ce6bb2605d95b841da61f049e8a92467de0d6ec3161f3919275208a3c385f6412d7848bfc957e81cde550f4f28cd834a332381142 |
| San Francisco | 4c84f24d166978fb59d77779bf9a54ac112cba8e5f826c50440b2d3063fa0cbb0e2ccd30c93261a0f96805f71d15c3e726c9e00426161880e6a5dad267b2d883 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}

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@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ performing mathematic operations:
- [ceil](#ceil)
- [cos](#cos)
- [cosh](#cosh)
- [cot](#cot)
- [degrees](#degrees)
- [exp](#exp)
- [factorial](#factorial)
@ -56,8 +57,7 @@ abs(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `abs` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT abs(temp) AS abs FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -88,8 +88,7 @@ acos(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `acos` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT acos(temp * .01) AS acos FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -120,8 +119,7 @@ acosh(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `acosh` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT acosh(temp) AS acosh FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -152,8 +150,7 @@ asin(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `asin` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT asin(temp * .01) AS asin FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -184,8 +181,7 @@ asinh(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `asinh` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT asinh(temp) AS asinh FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -216,8 +212,7 @@ atan(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `atan` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT atan(temp * .01) AS atan FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -248,8 +243,7 @@ atanh(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `atanh` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT atanh(temp * .01) AS atanh FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -282,8 +276,7 @@ atan2(expression_y, expression_x)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `atan2` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT atan2(temp, hum) AS atan2 FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -314,8 +307,7 @@ cbrt(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `cbrt` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT cbrt(temp) AS cbrt FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -346,8 +338,7 @@ ceil(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `ceil` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT ceil(temp) AS ceil FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -378,8 +369,7 @@ cos(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `cos` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT cos(temp) AS cos FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -410,8 +400,7 @@ cosh(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `cosh` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT cosh(temp) AS cosh FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -426,6 +415,38 @@ SELECT cosh(temp) AS cosh FROM home LIMIT 3
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## cot
Returns the cotangent of a number.
```sql
cot(numeric_expression)
```
##### Arguments
- **numeric_expression**: Numeric expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `cot` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[Random numbers sample dataset](/influxdb/version/reference/sample-data/#random-numbers-sample-data)._
```sql
SELECT cot(a) AS cot FROM numbers LIMIT 3
```
| cot |
| -----------------: |
| 2.9293528483724423 |
| 3.705570308335524 |
| -3.314652247498361 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## degrees
Converts radians to degrees.
@ -474,8 +495,7 @@ exp(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `exp` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT exp(temp) AS exp FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -539,8 +559,7 @@ floor(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `floor` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT floor(temp) AS floor FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -722,8 +741,7 @@ ln(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `ln` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT ln(temp) AS ln FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -758,7 +776,7 @@ log([base, ]numeric_expression)
{{% expand "View `log` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in the
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
{{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -795,8 +813,7 @@ log10(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `log10` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT log10(temp) AS log10 FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -827,8 +844,7 @@ log2(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `log2` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT log2(temp) AS log2 FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -928,8 +944,7 @@ power(base, exponent)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `power` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT power(temp, hum * .1) AS power FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -992,8 +1007,7 @@ random()
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `random` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT temp * random() AS random FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -1027,8 +1041,7 @@ round(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `round` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT round(temp) AS round FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -1061,8 +1074,7 @@ signum(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `signum` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT signum(temp - 23) AS signum FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -1093,8 +1105,7 @@ sin(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sin` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT sin(temp) AS sin FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -1125,8 +1136,7 @@ sinh(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sinh ` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT sinh(temp) AS sinh FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -1157,8 +1167,7 @@ sqrt(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `sqrt` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT sqrt(temp) AS sqrt FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -1189,8 +1198,7 @@ tan(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `tan` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT tan(temp) AS tan FROM home LIMIT 3
@ -1253,8 +1261,7 @@ trunc(numeric_expression)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `trunc` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{ influxdb3/home-sample-link }}._
```sql
SELECT trunc(temp) AS trunc FROM home LIMIT 3

9
content/shared/sql-reference/functions/misc.md
View File

@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ for performing a variety of operations:
- [arrow_typeof](#arrow_typeof)
- [interpolate](#interpolate)
- [locf](#locf)
- [version](#version)
<!-- - [struct](#struct) -->
## arrow_cast
@ -232,3 +233,11 @@ struct('A', 'B', 3, 4)
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
-->
## version
Returns the version of DataFusion.
```sql
version()
```

56
content/shared/sql-reference/functions/regular-expression.md
View File

@ -4,10 +4,55 @@ regular expression [syntax](https://docs.rs/regex/latest/regex/#syntax)
(excluding some features such as look-around and back-references) and supports
the following regular expression functions:
- [regexp_count](#regexp_count)
- [regexp_like](#regexp_like)
- [regexp_match](#regexp_match)
- [regexp_replace](#regexp_replace)
## regexp_count
Returns the number of matches that a regular expression has in a string.
```sql
regexp_count(str, regexp[, start, flags])
```
##### Arguments
- **str**: String expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
- **regexp**: Regular expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
- **start**: Optional start position (the first position is 1) to search for the regular expression.
Can be a constant, column, or function.
- **flags**: Optional regular expression flags that control the behavior of the
regular expression. The following flags are supported:
- **i**: (insensitive) Ignore case when matching.
- **m**: (multi-line) `^` and `$` match the beginning and end of a line, respectively.
- **s**: (single-line) `.` matches newline (`\n`).
- **R**: (CRLF) When multi-line mode is enabled, `\r\n` is used to delimit lines.
- **U**: (ungreedy) Swap the meaning of `x*` and `x*?`.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `regexp_count` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
room,
regexp_count(room::STRING, '[Ro]', 1, 'i') AS regexp_count
FROM home
```
| room | regexp_count |
| :---------- | -----------: |
| Kitchen | 0 |
| Living Room | 3 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## regexp_like
True if a regular expression has at least one match in a string;
@ -34,8 +79,7 @@ regexp_like(str, regexp[, flags])
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `regexp_like` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -73,11 +117,10 @@ regexp_match(str, regexp, flags)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `regexp_match` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
> [!Note]
> `regexp_match` returns a _list_ Arrow type, which is not supported by InfluxDB.
> `regexp_match` returns a _list_ Arrow type.
> Use _bracket notation_ to reference a value in the list.
> Lists use 1-based indexing.
@ -120,8 +163,7 @@ regexp_replace(str, regexp, replacement, flags)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `regexp_replace` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT

92
content/shared/sql-reference/functions/selector.md
View File

@ -72,16 +72,25 @@ selector_min(expression, timestamp)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `selector_min` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
selector_min(water_level, time)['time'] AS time,
selector_min(water_level, time)['value'] AS water_level
FROM h2o_feet
SELECT
location,
selector_min(temp_min, time)['time'] AS time,
selector_min(temp_min, time)['value'] AS min_temp
FROM
weather
GROUP BY
location
```
| time | water_level |
| :------------------- | ----------: |
| 2019-08-28T14:30:00Z | -0.61 |
| location | time | min_temp |
+---------------+---------------------+----------+
| Concord | 2022-01-02T00:00:00 | 28.0 |
| Hayward | 2021-01-26T00:00:00 | 32.0 |
| San Francisco | 2022-01-02T00:00:00 | 35.0 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
@ -105,16 +114,25 @@ selector_max(expression, timestamp)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `selector_max` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
selector_max(water_level, time)['time'] AS time,
selector_max(water_level, time)['value'] AS water_level
FROM h2o_feet
SELECT
location,
selector_max(temp_max, time)['time'] AS time,
selector_max(temp_max, time)['value'] AS max_temp
FROM
weather
GROUP BY
location
```
| time | water_level |
| :------------------- | ----------: |
| 2019-08-28T07:24:00Z | 9.964 |
| location | time | max_temp |
| :------------ | :------------------ | -------: |
| Concord | 2020-09-07T00:00:00 | 112.0 |
| Hayward | 2022-09-06T00:00:00 | 107.0 |
| San Francisco | 2020-09-06T00:00:00 | 102.0 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
@ -138,16 +156,25 @@ selector_first(expression, timestamp)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `selector_first` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
selector_first(water_level, time)['time'] AS time,
selector_first(water_level, time)['value'] AS water_level
FROM h2o_feet
SELECT
location,
selector_first(precip, time)['time'] AS time,
selector_first(precip, time)['value'] AS first_precip
FROM
(SELECT * FROM weather WHERE precip > 0)
GROUP BY
location
```
| time | water_level |
| :------------------- | ----------: |
| 2019-08-28T07:24:00Z | 9.964 |
| location | time | first_precip |
| :------------ | :------------------ | -----------: |
| Concord | 2020-01-08T00:00:00 | 0.01 |
| Hayward | 2020-01-09T00:00:00 | 0.17 |
| San Francisco | 2020-01-07T00:00:00 | 0.03 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
@ -171,16 +198,25 @@ selector_last(expression, timestamp)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `selector_last` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the
[NOAA Bay Area weather sample data](/influxdb3/version/reference/sample-data/#noaa-bay-area-weather-data)._
```sql
SELECT
selector_last(water_level, time)['time'] AS time,
selector_last(water_level, time)['value'] AS water_level
FROM h2o_feet
SELECT
location,
selector_last(precip, time)['time'] AS time,
selector_last(precip, time)['value'] AS last_precip
FROM
(SELECT * FROM weather WHERE precip > 0)
GROUP BY
location
```
| time | water_level |
| :------------------- | ----------: |
| 2019-09-17T21:42:00Z | 4.938 |
| location | time | last_precip |
| :------------ | :------------------ | ----------: |
| Concord | 2022-12-31T00:00:00 | 3.04 |
| Hayward | 2022-12-31T00:00:00 | 4.34 |
| San Francisco | 2022-12-31T00:00:00 | 3.67 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}

189
content/shared/sql-reference/functions/string.md
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@ -6,9 +6,10 @@ operating on string values:
- [btrim](#btrim)
- [char_length](#char_length)
- [character_length](#character_length)
- [chr](#chr)
- [concat](#concat)
- [concat_ws](#concat_ws)
- [chr](#chr)
- [contains](#contains)
- [ends_with](#ends_with)
- [find_in_set](#find_in_set)
- [initcap](#initcap)
@ -19,7 +20,6 @@ operating on string values:
- [lower](#lower)
- [lpad](#lpad)
- [ltrim](#ltrim)
- [md5](#md5)
- [octet_length](#octet_length)
- [overlay](#overlay)
- [position](#position)
@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ operating on string values:
- [strpos](#strpos)
- [substr](#substr)
- [substr_index](#substr_index)
- [substring](#substring)
- [substring_index](#substring_index)
- [to_hex](#to_hex)
- [translate](#translate)
- [trim](#trim)
@ -64,8 +66,7 @@ ascii(str)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `ascii` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -106,8 +107,7 @@ bit_length(str)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `bit_length` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -151,8 +151,7 @@ btrim(str[, trim_str])
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `btrim` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -177,6 +176,47 @@ _Alias of [length](#length)._
_Alias of [length](#length)._
## chr
Returns the character with the specified ASCII or Unicode code value.
```
chr(expression)
```
#### Arguments
- **expression**: Expression containing the ASCII or Unicode code value to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic or
string operators.
##### Related functions
[ascii](#ascii)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `chr` query example" %}}
```sql
SELECT
ascii,
chr(ascii) AS chr
FROM
(values (112),
(75),
(214)
) data(ascii)
```
| ascii | chr |
| :---- | :-: |
| 112 | p |
| 75 | K |
| 214 | Ö |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## concat
Concatenates multiple strings together.
@ -198,8 +238,7 @@ concat(str[, ..., str_n])
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `concat` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -244,8 +283,7 @@ concat_ws(separator, str[, ..., str_n])
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `concat_ws` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT
@ -267,46 +305,19 @@ LIMIT 3
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## chr
## contains
Returns the character with the specified ASCII or Unicode code value.
```
chr(expression)
```
#### Arguments
- **expression**: Expression containing the ASCII or Unicode code value to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic or
string operators.
##### Related functions
[ascii](#ascii)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `chr` query example" %}}
Returns true if a string contains a search string (case-sensitive).
```sql
SELECT
ascii,
chr(ascii) AS chr
FROM
(values (112),
(75),
(214)
) data(ascii)
contains(str, search_str)
```
| ascii | chr |
| :---- | :-: |
| 112 | p |
| 75 | K |
| 214 | Ö |
##### Arguments
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
- **str**: String expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of operators.
- **search_str**: The string to search for in _str_.
## ends_with
@ -486,8 +497,7 @@ left(str, n)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `left` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -534,8 +544,7 @@ length(str)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `length` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -612,8 +621,7 @@ lower(str)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `lower` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -654,8 +662,7 @@ lpad(str, n[, padding_str])
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `lpad` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -714,40 +721,6 @@ FROM
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## md5
Computes an MD5 128-bit checksum for a string expression.
```sql
md5(str)
```
##### Arguments
- **expression**: String expression to operate on.
Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of string operators.
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `md5` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
room,
md5(room) AS md5
FROM home
```
| room | md5 |
| :---------- | :------------------------------- |
| Kitchen | 33fa00a66f2edf0d1c5697a9f8693ba8 |
| Living Room | f45b0e6aec165544faccaf2cad820542 |
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## octet_length
Returns the length of a string in bytes.
@ -773,8 +746,7 @@ octet_length(str)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `octet_length` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -929,8 +901,7 @@ replace(str, substr, replacement)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `replace` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -963,8 +934,7 @@ reverse(str)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `reverse` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -1002,8 +972,7 @@ right(str, n)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `right` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -1044,8 +1013,7 @@ rpad(str, n[, padding_str])
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `rpad` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -1160,8 +1128,7 @@ starts_with(str, substr)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `starts_with` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -1202,8 +1169,7 @@ strpos(str, substr)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `strpos` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -1241,8 +1207,7 @@ substr(str, start_pos[, length])
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `substr` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -1306,6 +1271,14 @@ FROM
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## substring
_Alias of [substr](#substr)._
## substring_index
_Alias of [substr_index](#substr_index)._
## translate
Translates characters in a string to specified translation characters.
@ -1323,8 +1296,7 @@ translate(str, chars, translation)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `translate` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -1440,8 +1412,7 @@ upper(str)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `upper` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
_The following example uses the {{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT
@ -1470,7 +1441,7 @@ uuid()
{{% expand "View `uuid` query example" %}}
_The following example uses the sample data set provided in the
[Get started with InfluxDB tutorial](/influxdb/version/get-started/write/#construct-line-protocol)._
{{< influxdb3/home-sample-link >}}._
```sql
SELECT

28
content/shared/sql-reference/functions/time-and-date.md
View File

@ -3,12 +3,14 @@ that are useful when working with time series data.
- [current_date](#current_date)
- [current_time](#current_time)
- [current_timestamp](#current_timestamp)
- [date_bin](#date_bin)
- [date_bin_gapfill](#date_bin_gapfill)
- [date_bin_wallclock](#date_bin_wallclock)
- [date_bin_wallclock_gapfill](#date_bin_wallclock_gapfill)
- [date_trunc](#date_trunc)
- [datetrunc](#datetrunc)
- [date_format](#date_format)
- [date_part](#date_part)
- [datepart](#datepart)
- [extract](#extract)
@ -76,10 +78,6 @@ LIMIT 3
Returns the current UTC time.
> [!Note]
> `current_date` returns a `TIME64` Arrow type, which isn't supported by InfluxDB.
> To use with InfluxDB, [cast the return value to a string](/influxdb/version/query-data/sql/cast-types/#cast-to-a-string-type).
The `current_time()` return value is determined at query time and returns the same time,
no matter when in the query plan the function executes.
@ -97,7 +95,7 @@ _The following example uses the sample data set provided in the
SELECT
time,
temp,
current_time()::STRING AS current_time
current_time() AS current_time
FROM home
LIMIT 3
```
@ -111,6 +109,10 @@ LIMIT 3
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
## current_timestamp
_Alias of [now](#now)._
## date_bin
Calculates time intervals and returns the start of the interval nearest to the specified timestamp.
@ -397,7 +399,7 @@ date_bin_wallclock(interval, expression[, origin_timestamp])
>
> #### Avoid bins in time zone discontinuities
>
> [Time zone shifts](#time-zone-shifts) result in *discontinuities*–breaks
> [Time zone shifts](#time-zone-shifts) result in _discontinuities_–breaks
> in the continuity of time intervals (losing an hour or gaining an hour)–that
> can result in unexpected timestamps when using `date_bin_wallclock`.
> Avoid using an `interval` and `origin_timestamp` combination that results in a
@ -536,7 +538,7 @@ date_bin_wallclock_gapfill(interval, expression[, origin_timestamp])
>
> #### Avoid bins in time zone discontinuities
>
> [Time zone shifts](#time-zone-shifts) result in *discontinuities*–breaks
> [Time zone shifts](#time-zone-shifts) result in _discontinuities_–breaks
> in the continuity of time intervals (losing an hour or gaining an hour)–that
> can result in unexpected timestamps when using `date_bin_wallclock_gapfill`.
> Avoid using an `interval` and `origin_timestamp` combination that results in a
@ -761,6 +763,10 @@ ORDER BY week
_Alias of [date_trunc](#date_trunc)._
## date_format
_Alias of [to_char](#to_char)._
## date_part
Returns the specified part of the date as an integer.
@ -954,6 +960,10 @@ no matter when in the query plan the function executes.
now()
```
##### Aliases
- [current_timestamp](#current_timestamp)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `now` query example" %}}
@ -993,6 +1003,10 @@ to_char(expression, format)
- **format**: [Rust Chrono format string](https://docs.rs/chrono/latest/chrono/format/strftime/index.html)
to use to convert the expression.
##### Aliases
- [date_format](#date_format)
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `to_char` query example" %}}

165
content/shared/sql-reference/operators/comparison.md
View File

@ -2,19 +2,23 @@ Comparison operators evaluate the relationship between the left and right
operands and returns `true` or `false`.
| Operator | Meaning | |
| :------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------ |
| `=` | Equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#equal-to) |
| `<>` | Not equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#not-equal-to) |
| `!=` | Not equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#not-equal-to) |
| `>` | Greater than | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#greater-than) |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#greater-than-or-equal) |
| `<` | Less than | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#less-than) |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#less-than-or-equal) |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#regexp-match) |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#regexp-match-case-insensitive) |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#regexp-nomatch) |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#regexp-nomatch-case-insensitive) |
| Operator | Meaning | |
| :--------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------ |
| `=` | Equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#equal-to) |
| `<>` | Not equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#not-equal-to) |
| `!=` | Not equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#not-equal-to) |
| `>` | Greater than | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#greater-than) |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#greater-than-or-equal) |
| `<` | Less than | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#less-than) |
| `<=` | Less than or equal to | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#less-than-or-equal) |
| `IS DISTINCT FROM` | Is distinct from | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#is-distinct-from) |
| `IS NOT DISTINCT FROM` | Is not distinct from | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#is-not-distinct-from) |
| `~` | Matches a regular expression | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#regexp-match) |
| `~*` | Matches a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#regexp-match-case-insensitive) |
| `!~` | Does not match a regular expression | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#regexp-nomatch) |
| `!~*` | Does not match a regular expression _(case-insensitive)_ | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#regexp-nomatch-case-insensitive) |
<!-- | `<=>` | Three-way comparison _(alias of `IS NOT DISTINCT FROM`)_ | [{{< icon "link" >}}](#three-way-comparison) | -->
## = {#equal-to .monospace}
@ -169,6 +173,141 @@ SELECT 1 <= 2
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{< /flex >}}
## IS DISTINCT FROM {.monospace}
The `IS DISTINCT FROM` operator is a _NULL_-safe operator that returns
`true` if both operands are not equal; otherwise, it returns `false`.
This operator guarantees the result of a comparison is `true` or `false` and not
an empty set.
{{< flex >}}
{{% flex-content "two-thirds operator-example" %}}
```sql
SELECT 0 IS DISTINCT FROM NULL
```
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{% flex-content "third operator-example" %}}
| Int64(0) IS DISTINCT FROM NULL |
| :----------------------------- |
| true |
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{< /flex >}}
## IS NOT DISTINCT FROM {.monospace}
The `IS NOT DISTINCT FROM` operator is a _NULL_-safe operator that returns
`true` if both operands are equal or _NULL_; otherwise, it returns `false`.
This operator negates [`IS DISTINCT FROM`](#is-distinct-from).
<!--
##### Aliases
- [`<=>`](#three-way-comparison)
-->
{{< flex >}}
{{% flex-content "two-thirds operator-example" %}}
```sql
SELECT NULL IS NOT DISTINCT FROM NULL
```
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{% flex-content "third operator-example" %}}
| NULL IS NOT DISTINCT FROM NULL |
| :----------------------------- |
| true |
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{< /flex >}}
<!-- IS NOT SUPPORTED YET
## <=> {#three-way-comparison .monospace}
The `<=>` operator is a _NULL_-safe operator that returns `true` if both
operands are equal or _NULL_; otherwise, it returns `false`.
This operator is an alias for [`IS NOT DISTINCT FROM`](#is-not-distinct-from).
{{< expand-wrapper >}}
{{% expand "View `<=>` operator examples" %}}
{{< flex >}}
{{% flex-content "two-thirds operator-example" %}}
```sql
SELECT NULL <=> NULL
```
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{% flex-content "third operator-example" %}}
| NULL IS NOT DISTINCT FROM NULL |
| :----------------------------- |
| true |
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{< /flex >}}
{{< flex >}}
{{% flex-content "two-thirds operator-example" %}}
```sql
SELECT 1 <=> NULL
```
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{% flex-content "third operator-example" %}}
| Int64(1) IS NOT DISTINCT FROM NULL |
| :--------------------------------- |
| false |
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{< /flex >}}
{{< flex >}}
{{% flex-content "two-thirds operator-example" %}}
```sql
SELECT 1 <=> 2
```
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{% flex-content "third operator-example" %}}
| Int64(1) IS NOT DISTINCT FROM Int64(2) |
| :------------------------------------- |
| false |
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{< /flex >}}
{{< flex >}}
{{% flex-content "two-thirds operator-example" %}}
```sql
SELECT 1 <=> 1
```
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{% flex-content "third operator-example" %}}
| Int64(1) IS NOT DISTINCT FROM Int64(1) |
| :------------------------------------- |
| true |
{{% /flex-content %}}
{{< /flex >}}
{{% /expand %}}
{{< /expand-wrapper >}}
-->
## ~ {#regexp-match .monospace}
The `~` operator compares the left string operand to the right regular expression