Issue #2665216 by andypost, gidarai, daffie, mondrake, _utsavsharma, dawehner, catch, longwave, alexpott, Charlie ChX Negyesi: Deprecate Drupal\Core\Database\Connection::nextId() and the {sequences} table and schema

core/lib/Drupal/Core/Database/Connection.php

@@ -1663,6 +1663,11 @@ abstract class Connection {
    * @return int|string
    *   An integer number larger than any number returned by earlier calls and
    *   also larger than the $existing_id if one was passed in.
+   *
+   * @deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is removed from drupal:11.0.0. Modules
+   *   should use instead the keyvalue storage for the last used id.
+   *
+   * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/3349345
    */
   abstract public function nextId($existing_id = 0);
 

core/modules/block_content/tests/src/Kernel/BlockContentAccessHandlerTest.php

@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ class BlockContentAccessHandlerTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('block_content');

core/modules/block_content/tests/src/Kernel/BlockContentEntityReferenceSelectionTest.php

@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ class BlockContentEntityReferenceSelectionTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('block_content');
 

core/modules/block_content/tests/src/Kernel/BlockContentPermissionsTest.php

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ class BlockContentPermissionsTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   public function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('block_content');
 

core/modules/book/tests/src/Kernel/BookMultilingualTest.php

@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@ class BookMultilingualTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installSchema('book', ['book']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installConfig(['node', 'book', 'field']);
     $node_type = NodeType::create([
       'type' => $this->randomMachineName(),

core/modules/comment/tests/src/Kernel/CommentBaseFieldTest.php

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ class CommentBaseFieldTest extends KernelTestBase {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installEntitySchema('comment_test_base_field');
     $this->installEntitySchema('comment');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
   }
 

core/modules/comment/tests/src/Kernel/CommentIntegrationTest.php

@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ class CommentIntegrationTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('comment');
     $this->installSchema('dblog', ['watchdog']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     // Create a new 'comment' comment-type.
     CommentType::create([

core/modules/comment/tests/src/Kernel/Migrate/MigrateCommentStubTest.php

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ class MigrateCommentStubTest extends MigrateDrupalTestBase {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installEntitySchema('comment');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     // Make sure uid 0 is created (default uid for comments is 0).
     $storage = \Drupal::entityTypeManager()->getStorage('user');

core/modules/comment/tests/src/Kernel/Views/CommentFieldNameTest.php

@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class CommentFieldNameTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('comment');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('comment', ['comment_entity_statistics']);
     $this->installConfig(['filter']);
 

core/modules/comment/tests/src/Kernel/Views/FilterAndArgumentUserUidTest.php

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ class FilterAndArgumentUserUidTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   public function testHandlers() {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('comment');
     $this->installSchema('comment', ['comment_entity_statistics']);

core/modules/content_moderation/tests/src/Kernel/ContentModerationAccessTest.php

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class ContentModerationAccessTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installConfig(['content_moderation', 'filter']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
 
     // Add a moderated node type.

core/modules/content_moderation/tests/src/Kernel/EntityStateChangeValidationTest.php

@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class EntityStateChangeValidationTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('content_moderation_state');
     $this->installConfig('content_moderation');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     $this->adminUser = $this->createUser(array_keys($this->container->get('user.permissions')->getPermissions()));
   }

core/modules/content_moderation/tests/src/Kernel/ModerationStateFieldItemListTest.php

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class ModerationStateFieldItemListTest extends KernelTestBase {
     parent::setUp();
 
     $this->installSchema('node', 'node_access');
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('content_moderation_state');

core/modules/content_moderation/tests/src/Kernel/NodeAccessTest.php

@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class NodeAccessTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installConfig(['content_moderation', 'filter']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
 
     // Add a moderated node type.

core/modules/content_moderation/tests/src/Kernel/WorkspacesContentModerationStateTest.php

@@ -43,8 +43,6 @@ class WorkspacesContentModerationStateTest extends ContentModerationStateTest {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
-
     $this->initializeWorkspacesModule();
     $this->switchToWorkspace('stage');
   }

core/modules/datetime/tests/src/Kernel/DateTimeFormInjectionTest.php

@@ -32,14 +32,6 @@ class DateTimeFormInjectionTest extends KernelTestBase implements FormInterface
    */
   protected static $modules = ['system', 'datetime'];
 
-  /**
-   * {@inheritdoc}
-   */
-  protected function setUp(): void {
-    parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
-  }
-
   /**
    * {@inheritdoc}
    */

core/modules/datetime_range/tests/src/Kernel/SeparatorTranslationTest.php

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ class SeparatorTranslationTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installConfig(['system']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     // Add a datetime range field.
     $this->fieldStorage = FieldStorageConfig::create([

core/modules/dblog/tests/src/Kernel/DbLogFormInjectionTest.php

@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ class DbLogFormInjectionTest extends KernelTestBase implements FormInterface {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installSchema('dblog', ['watchdog']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->logger = \Drupal::logger('test_logger');
     $test_user = User::create([

core/modules/dblog/tests/src/Kernel/DbLogTest.php

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ class DbLogTest extends KernelTestBase {
     parent::setUp();
 
     $this->installSchema('dblog', ['watchdog']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installConfig(['system']);
   }
 

core/modules/field/tests/src/Kernel/FieldKernelTestBase.php

@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ abstract class FieldKernelTestBase extends KernelTestBase {
 
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     // Set default storage backend and configure the theme system.
     $this->installConfig(['field', 'system']);

core/modules/field/tests/src/Kernel/Migrate/d6/MigrateFieldInstanceLabelDescriptionTest.php

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ class MigrateFieldInstanceLabelDescriptionTest extends MigrateDrupal6TestBase im
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installConfig(['node']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->executeMigration('language');
     $this->executeMigration('d6_field_instance_label_description_translation');
   }

core/modules/file/tests/src/Kernel/AccessTest.php

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ class AccessTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installSchema('file', ['file_usage']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
   }
 
   /**

core/modules/file/tests/src/Kernel/FileItemValidationTest.php

@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ class FileItemValidationTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     $this->installSchema('file', 'file_usage');
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
 
     $this->user = User::create([
       'name' => 'username',

core/modules/file/tests/src/Kernel/FileManagedAccessTest.php

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ class FileManagedAccessTest extends KernelTestBase {
    * Tests if public file is always accessible.
    */
   public function testFileAccess() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     $this->installSchema('file', ['file_usage']);

core/modules/filter/tests/src/Kernel/TextFormatElementFormTest.php

@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ class TextFormatElementFormTest extends KernelTestBase implements FormInterface
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installConfig(['filter', 'filter_test']);
 
     // Create user 1 so that the user created later in the test has a different

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/Controller/EntityResourceTest.php

@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ class EntityResourceTest extends JsonapiKernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     NodeType::create([

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/Controller/TemporaryJsonapiFileFieldUploaderTest.php

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ class TemporaryJsonapiFileFieldUploaderTest extends JsonapiKernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     NodeType::create([

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/EventSubscriber/ResourceObjectNormalizerCacherTest.php

@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ class ResourceObjectNormalizerCacherTest extends KernelTestBase {
     // Add the entity schemas.
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     $this->resourceTypeRepository = $this->container->get('jsonapi.resource_type.repository');
     $this->serializer = $this->container->get('jsonapi.serializer');

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/Normalizer/JsonApiDocumentTopLevelNormalizerTest.php

@@ -135,7 +135,6 @@ class JsonApiDocumentTopLevelNormalizerTest extends JsonapiKernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('taxonomy_term');
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     $this->installSchema('file', ['file_usage']);

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/Normalizer/LinkCollectionNormalizerTest.php

@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ class LinkCollectionNormalizerTest extends KernelTestBase {
     // Add the entity schemas.
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     // Set the user IDs to something higher than 1 so these users cannot be
     // mistaken for the site admin.

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/Normalizer/RelationshipNormalizerTest.php

@@ -150,7 +150,6 @@ class RelationshipNormalizerTest extends JsonapiKernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
 
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('file', ['file_usage']);
     NodeType::create([

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/Query/FilterTest.php

@@ -270,7 +270,6 @@ class FilterTest extends JsonapiKernelTestBase {
    * Sets up the schemas.
    */
   protected function setUpSchemas() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
 

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/ResourceType/RelatedResourceTypesTest.php

@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ class RelatedResourceTypesTest extends JsonapiKernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
 
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
 

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/ResourceType/ResourceTypeRepositoryTest.php

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class ResourceTypeRepositoryTest extends JsonapiKernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     NodeType::create([

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/Revisions/VersionNegotiatorTest.php

@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ class VersionNegotiatorTest extends JsonapiKernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     $type = NodeType::create([

core/modules/jsonapi/tests/src/Kernel/Serializer/SerializerTest.php

@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ class SerializerTest extends JsonapiKernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     // Add the additional table schemas.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     $this->user = User::create([

core/modules/media/tests/src/Kernel/MediaEmbedFilterTestBase.php

@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ abstract class MediaEmbedFilterTestBase extends KernelTestBase {
     parent::setUp();
 
     $this->installSchema('file', ['file_usage']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     $this->installEntitySchema('media');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');

core/modules/media/tests/src/Kernel/MediaKernelTestBase.php

@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ abstract class MediaKernelTestBase extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     $this->installSchema('file', 'file_usage');
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installEntitySchema('media');
     $this->installConfig(['field', 'system', 'image', 'file', 'media']);
 

core/modules/media_library/tests/src/Kernel/MediaLibraryAccessTest.php

@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ class MediaLibraryAccessTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     $this->installSchema('file', 'file_usage');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test');
     $this->installEntitySchema('filter_format');
     $this->installEntitySchema('media');

core/modules/media_library/tests/src/Kernel/MediaLibraryAddFormTest.php

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class MediaLibraryAddFormTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     $this->installSchema('file', 'file_usage');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('media');
     $this->installConfig([
       'field',

core/modules/media_library/tests/src/Kernel/MediaLibraryStateTest.php

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class MediaLibraryStateTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     $this->installSchema('file', 'file_usage');
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installEntitySchema('media');
     $this->installConfig([
       'field',

core/modules/media_library/tests/src/Kernel/MediaLibraryWidgetTest.php

@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ class MediaLibraryWidgetTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test');
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test_rev');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installConfig([
       'system',
       'image',

core/modules/menu_link_content/tests/src/Kernel/MenuLinksTest.php

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class MenuLinksTest extends KernelTestBase {
 
     $this->menuLinkManager = \Drupal::service('plugin.manager.menu.link');
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test_external');
     $this->installEntitySchema('menu_link_content');

core/modules/migrate/tests/src/Kernel/MigrateEntityContentValidationTest.php

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ class MigrateEntityContentValidationTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user_role');
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installConfig(['field', 'filter_test', 'system', 'user']);
 
     $this->container

core/modules/migrate/tests/src/Kernel/MigrateExternalTranslatedTest.php

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ class MigrateExternalTranslatedTest extends MigrateTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');

core/modules/migrate/tests/src/Kernel/Plugin/EntityExistsTest.php

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ class EntityExistsTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
   }
 

core/modules/migrate_drupal/tests/src/Kernel/Plugin/migrate/source/ContentEntityTest.php

@@ -94,7 +94,6 @@ class ContentEntityTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('media');
     $this->installEntitySchema('taxonomy_term');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('user', 'users_data');
     $this->installSchema('file', 'file_usage');
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);

core/modules/migrate_drupal/tests/src/Kernel/d6/MigrateDrupal6AuditIdsTest.php

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ class MigrateDrupal6AuditIdsTest extends MigrateDrupal6TestBase {
     $this->installSchema('forum', ['forum_index']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('search', ['search_dataset']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     // @todo Remove tracker in https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal/issues/3261452
     $this->installSchema('tracker', ['tracker_node', 'tracker_user']);
 

core/modules/migrate_drupal/tests/src/Kernel/d7/MigrateDrupal7AuditIdsTest.php

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ class MigrateDrupal7AuditIdsTest extends MigrateDrupal7TestBase {
     $this->installSchema('forum', ['forum_index']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installSchema('search', ['search_dataset']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     // @todo Remove tracker in https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal/issues/3261452
     $this->installSchema('tracker', ['tracker_node', 'tracker_user']);
 

core/modules/mysql/src/Driver/Database/mysql/Connection.php

@@ -62,6 +62,11 @@ class Connection extends DatabaseConnection implements SupportsTemporaryTablesIn
    * Flag to indicate if the cleanup function in __destruct() should run.
    *
    * @var bool
+   *
+   * @deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is removed from drupal:11.0.0. There's no
+   *    replacement.
+   *
+   * @see https://www.drupal.org/node/3349345
    */
   protected $needsCleanup = FALSE;
 
@@ -354,7 +359,11 @@ class Connection extends DatabaseConnection implements SupportsTemporaryTablesIn
     return NULL;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * {@inheritdoc}
+   */
   public function nextId($existing_id = 0) {
+    @trigger_error('Drupal\Core\Database\Connection::nextId() is deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is removed from drupal:11.0.0. Modules should use instead the keyvalue storage for the last used id. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3349345', E_USER_DEPRECATED);
     $this->query('INSERT INTO {sequences} () VALUES ()');
     $new_id = $this->lastInsertId();
     // This should only happen after an import or similar event.
@@ -375,6 +384,7 @@ class Connection extends DatabaseConnection implements SupportsTemporaryTablesIn
   }
 
   public function nextIdDelete() {
+    @trigger_error(__METHOD__ . '() is deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is removed from drupal:11.0.0. Modules should use instead the keyvalue storage for the last used id. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3349345', E_USER_DEPRECATED);
     // While we want to clean up the table to keep it up from occupying too
     // much storage and memory, we must keep the highest value in the table
     // because InnoDB uses an in-memory auto-increment counter as long as the

core/modules/mysql/tests/src/Kernel/mysql/DbDumpTest.php

@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ class DbDumpTest extends DriverSpecificKernelTestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('file');
     $this->installEntitySchema('menu_link_content');
     $this->installEntitySchema('path_alias');
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
 
     // Place some sample config to test for in the export.
     $this->data = [
@@ -130,7 +129,6 @@ class DbDumpTest extends DriverSpecificKernelTestBase {
       'menu_link_content_data',
       'menu_link_content_revision',
       'menu_link_content_field_revision',
-      'sequences',
       'sessions',
       'path_alias',
       'path_alias_revision',

core/modules/mysql/tests/src/Kernel/mysql/NextIdTest.php

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use Drupal\KernelTests\Core\Database\DriverSpecificDatabaseTestBase;
  * Tests the sequences API.
  *
  * @group Database
+ * @group legacy
  */
 class NextIdTest extends DriverSpecificDatabaseTestBase {
 
@@ -24,7 +25,20 @@ class NextIdTest extends DriverSpecificDatabaseTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
+
+    $table_specification = [
+      'description' => 'Stores IDs.',
+      'fields' => [
+        'value' => [
+          'description' => 'The value of the sequence.',
+          'type' => 'serial',
+          'unsigned' => TRUE,
+          'not null' => TRUE,
+        ],
+      ],
+      'primary key' => ['value'],
+    ];
+    $this->connection->schema()->createTable('sequences', $table_specification);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -33,6 +47,9 @@ class NextIdTest extends DriverSpecificDatabaseTestBase {
    * @see \Drupal\mysql\Driver\Database\mysql\Connection::__destruct()
    */
   public function testDbNextIdClosedConnection() {
+    $this->expectDeprecation('Drupal\Core\Database\Connection::nextId() is deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is removed from drupal:11.0.0. Modules should use instead the keyvalue storage for the last used id. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3349345');
+    $this->expectDeprecation('Drupal\mysql\Driver\Database\mysql\Connection::nextIdDelete() is deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is removed from drupal:11.0.0. Modules should use instead the keyvalue storage for the last used id. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3349345');
+
     // Create an additional connection to test closing the connection.
     $connection_info = Database::getConnectionInfo();
     Database::addConnectionInfo('default', 'next_id', $connection_info['default']);

core/modules/node/tests/src/Kernel/Migrate/d6/MigrateNodeTestBase.php

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ abstract class MigrateNodeTestBase extends MigrateDrupal6TestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installConfig(['node']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     // Create a new user which needs to have UID 1, because that is expected by
     // the assertions from

core/modules/node/tests/src/Kernel/Migrate/d7/MigrateNodeCompleteTest.php

@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ class MigrateNodeCompleteTest extends MigrateDrupal7TestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('taxonomy_term');
     $this->installSchema('comment', ['comment_entity_statistics']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     $this->createContent();
 

core/modules/node/tests/src/Kernel/NodeAccessTestBase.php

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ abstract class NodeAccessTestBase extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installSchema('node', 'node_access');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');

core/modules/node/tests/src/Kernel/NodeBodyFieldStorageTest.php

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ class NodeBodyFieldStorageTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     // Necessary for module uninstall.
     $this->installSchema('user', 'users_data');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');

core/modules/node/tests/src/Kernel/SummaryLengthTest.php

@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ class SummaryLengthTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installSchema('node', 'node_access');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');

core/modules/node/tests/src/Kernel/Views/FilterUidRevisionTest.php

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class FilterUidRevisionTest extends KernelTestBase {
   public function testFilter() {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
     $this->installConfig(['filter']);
     ViewTestData::createTestViews(static::class, ['node_test_views']);

core/modules/pgsql/src/Driver/Database/pgsql/Connection.php

@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ class Connection extends DatabaseConnection implements SupportsTemporaryTablesIn
    * and updating a sequences table.
    */
   public function nextId($existing = 0) {
-
+    @trigger_error('Drupal\Core\Database\Connection::nextId() is deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is removed from drupal:11.0.0. Modules should use instead the keyvalue storage for the last used id. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3349345', E_USER_DEPRECATED);
     // Retrieve the name of the sequence. This information cannot be cached
     // because the prefix may change, for example, like it does in tests.
     $sequence_name = $this->makeSequenceName('sequences', 'value');

core/modules/serialization/tests/src/Kernel/EntitySerializationTest.php

@@ -76,9 +76,6 @@ class EntitySerializationTest extends NormalizerTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    // User create needs sequence table.
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
-
     FilterFormat::create([
       'format' => 'my_text_format',
       'name' => 'My Text Format',

core/modules/sqlite/src/Driver/Database/sqlite/Connection.php

@@ -416,7 +416,11 @@ class Connection extends DatabaseConnection implements SupportsTemporaryTablesIn
     return $statement;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * {@inheritdoc}
+   */
   public function nextId($existing_id = 0) {
+    @trigger_error('Drupal\Core\Database\Connection::nextId() is deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is removed from drupal:11.0.0. Modules should use instead the keyvalue storage for the last used id. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3349345', E_USER_DEPRECATED);
     try {
       $this->startTransaction();
     }

core/modules/system/system.install

@@ -1590,6 +1590,9 @@ function system_install() {
  * Implements hook_schema().
  */
 function system_schema() {
+  // @deprecated The sequences table has been deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is
+  // removed from drupal:12.0.0. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3220378.
+  // @todo: Remove sequences table in Drupal 12. See https://www.drupal.org/i/3335756
   $schema['sequences'] = [
     'description' => 'Stores IDs.',
     'fields' => [

core/modules/system/tests/src/Functional/Entity/EntityReferenceSelection/EntityReferenceSelectionAccessTest.php

@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ class EntityReferenceSelectionAccessTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installSchema('comment', ['comment_entity_statistics']);
     $this->installSchema('file', ['file_usage']);
 

core/modules/system/tests/src/Kernel/Action/ActionTest.php

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ class ActionTest extends KernelTestBase {
 
     $this->actionManager = $this->container->get('plugin.manager.action');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
   }
 
   /**

core/modules/system/tests/src/Kernel/Block/SystemMenuBlockTest.php

@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ class SystemMenuBlockTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('menu_link_content');
 

core/modules/system/tests/src/Kernel/DateFormatAccessControlHandlerTest.php

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class DateFormatAccessControlHandlerTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->accessControlHandler = $this->container->get('entity_type.manager')->getAccessControlHandler('date_format');
   }
 

core/modules/system/tests/src/Kernel/MenuAccessControlHandlerTest.php

@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ class MenuAccessControlHandlerTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->accessControlHandler = $this->container->get('entity_type.manager')->getAccessControlHandler('menu');
   }
 

core/modules/system/tests/src/Kernel/TimezoneResolverTest.php

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ class TimezoneResolverTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   public function testGetTimeZone() {
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installConfig(['system']);
 
     // Check the default test timezone.

core/modules/taxonomy/tests/src/Kernel/Migrate/d6/MigrateTermNodeTranslationTest.php

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ class MigrateTermNodeTranslationTest extends MigrateDrupal6TestBase {
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installConfig(['node']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     $this->executeMigration('language');
     $this->executeMigration('d6_node_settings');

core/modules/tracker/tests/src/Kernel/Views/TrackerUserUidTest.php

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class TrackerUserUidTest extends KernelTestBase {
    * Tests the user uid filter and argument.
    */
   public function testUserUid() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installConfig(['filter']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/Condition/UserRoleConditionTest.php

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ class UserRoleConditionTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
 
     $this->manager = $this->container->get('plugin.manager.condition');

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/ContextProvider/CurrentUserContextTest.php

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ class CurrentUserContextTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
   }
 

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/Field/UserNameFormatterTest.php

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class UserNameFormatterTest extends KernelTestBase {
 
     $this->installConfig(['field']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     $this->entityType = 'user';
     $this->bundle = $this->entityType;

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/Migrate/MigrateUserStubTest.php

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ class MigrateUserStubTest extends MigrateDrupalTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
   }
 
   /**

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/UserAccountFormPasswordResetTest.php

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ class UserAccountFormPasswordResetTest extends KernelTestBase {
     parent::setUp();
     // Install default configuration; required for AccountFormController.
     $this->installConfig(['user']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
 
     // Create an user to login.

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/UserDeleteTest.php

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ class UserDeleteTest extends KernelTestBase {
    * Tests deleting multiple users.
    */
   public function testUserDeleteMultiple() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('user', ['users_data']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
 

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/UserEntityLabelTest.php

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ class UserEntityLabelTest extends KernelTestBase {
    * Tests label callback.
    */
   public function testLabelCallback() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
 
     $account = $this->createUser();

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/UserSaveTest.php

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ class UserSaveTest extends KernelTestBase {
    * Ensures that an existing password is unset after the user was saved.
    */
   public function testExistingPasswordRemoval() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
 
     /** @var \Drupal\user\Entity\User $user */

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/UserValidationTest.php

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ class UserValidationTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     // Make sure that the default roles exist.
     $this->installConfig(['user']);

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/Views/AccessPermissionTest.php

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ class AccessPermissionTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
 

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/Views/ArgumentDefaultTest.php

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ class ArgumentDefaultTest extends KernelTestBase {
    * Tests the current user with argument default.
    */
   public function testPluginArgumentDefaultCurrentUser() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     ViewTestData::createTestViews(static::class, ['user_test_views']);
 

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/Views/HandlerArgumentUserUidTest.php

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ class HandlerArgumentUserUidTest extends KernelTestBase {
    * Tests the generated title of a user: uid argument.
    */
   public function testArgumentTitle() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installConfig(['user']);
     User::create(['uid' => 0, 'name' => ''])->save();

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/Views/RelationshipRepresentativeNodeTest.php

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class RelationshipRepresentativeNodeTest extends KernelTestBase {
    * Tests the relationship.
    */
   public function testRelationship() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('node');
     $this->installConfig(['filter']);

core/modules/user/tests/src/Kernel/WhosOnlineBlockTest.php

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class WhosOnlineBlockTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installConfig(['system', 'block', 'views', 'user']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
 
     $this->controller = $this->container

core/modules/user/tests/src/Traits/UserCreationTrait.php

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ namespace Drupal\Tests\user\Traits;
 
 use Drupal\Component\Render\FormattableMarkup;
 use Drupal\Core\Database\DatabaseExceptionWrapper;
-use Drupal\Core\Database\SchemaObjectExistsException;
 use Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityStorageException;
 use Drupal\Core\Session\AccountInterface;
 use Drupal\KernelTests\KernelTestBase;
@@ -56,13 +55,6 @@ trait UserCreationTrait {
     if (!\Drupal::moduleHandler()->moduleExists('system')) {
       $values['uid'] = 0;
     }
-    if ($this instanceof KernelTestBase && (!isset($values['uid']) || $values['uid'])) {
-      try {
-        $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
-      }
-      catch (SchemaObjectExistsException $e) {
-      }
-    }
 
     // Creating an administrator or assigning custom permissions would result in
     // creating and assigning a new role to the user. This is not possible with

core/modules/views/tests/src/Kernel/ViewsKernelTestBase.php

@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ abstract class ViewsKernelTestBase extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp($import_test_views = TRUE): void {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->setUpFixtures();
 
     if ($import_test_views) {

core/modules/workflows/tests/src/Kernel/WorkflowAccessControlHandlerTest.php

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ class WorkflowAccessControlHandlerTest extends KernelTestBase {
     parent::setUp();
 
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     $this->accessControlHandler = $this->container->get('entity_type.manager')->getAccessControlHandler('workflow');
 

core/modules/workspaces/tests/src/Kernel/EntityReferenceSupportedNewEntitiesConstraintValidatorTest.php

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class EntityReferenceSupportedNewEntitiesConstraintValidatorTest extends KernelT
     parent::setUp();
 
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->createUser();
 
     $fields['supported_reference'] = BaseFieldDefinition::create('entity_reference')->setSetting('target_type', 'entity_test_mulrevpub');

core/modules/workspaces/tests/src/Kernel/WorkspaceAccessTest.php

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ class WorkspaceAccessTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('workspaces', ['workspace_association']);
 
     $this->installEntitySchema('workspace');

core/modules/workspaces/tests/src/Kernel/WorkspaceAssociationTest.php

@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ class WorkspaceAssociationTest extends KernelTestBase {
     $this->installConfig(['filter', 'node', 'system']);
 
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('workspaces', ['workspace_association']);
 
     $this->createContentType(['type' => 'article']);

core/modules/workspaces/tests/src/Kernel/WorkspaceIntegrationTest.php

@@ -87,7 +87,6 @@ class WorkspaceIntegrationTest extends KernelTestBase {
 
     $this->installConfig(['filter', 'node', 'system', 'language', 'content_translation']);
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
 
     $language = ConfigurableLanguage::createFromLangcode('de');

core/modules/workspaces/tests/src/Kernel/WorkspaceMergerTest.php

@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ class WorkspaceMergerTest extends KernelTestBase {
 
     $this->installConfig(['filter', 'node', 'system']);
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installSchema('node', ['node_access']);
 
     $this->createContentType(['type' => 'article']);

core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Action/DeleteActionTest.php

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ class DeleteActionTest extends KernelTestBase {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test_mulrevpub');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
 
     $this->testUser = User::create([
       'name' => 'foobar',

core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Cache/CacheContextOptimizationTest.php

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ class CacheContextOptimizationTest extends KernelTestBase {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installConfig(['user']);
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
   }
 
   /**

core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Cache/EndOfTransactionQueriesTest.php

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ class EndOfTransactionQueriesTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
 

core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Config/ConfigImporterMissingContentTest.php

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ class ConfigImporterMissingContentTest extends KernelTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test');
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installConfig(['system', 'config_test']);

core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Database/NextIdTest.php

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ namespace Drupal\KernelTests\Core\Database;
  * Tests the sequences API.
  *
  * @group Database
+ * @group legacy
  */
 class NextIdTest extends DatabaseTestBase {
 
@@ -21,13 +22,28 @@ class NextIdTest extends DatabaseTestBase {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
+
+    $table_specification = [
+      'description' => 'Stores IDs.',
+      'fields' => [
+        'value' => [
+          'description' => 'The value of the sequence.',
+          'type' => 'serial',
+          'unsigned' => TRUE,
+          'not null' => TRUE,
+        ],
+      ],
+      'primary key' => ['value'],
+    ];
+    $this->connection->schema()->createTable('sequences', $table_specification);
   }
 
   /**
    * Tests that the sequences API works.
    */
   public function testDbNextId() {
+    $this->expectDeprecation('Drupal\Core\Database\Connection::nextId() is deprecated in drupal:10.2.0 and is removed from drupal:11.0.0. Modules should use instead the keyvalue storage for the last used id. See https://www.drupal.org/node/3349345');
+
     $first = $this->connection->nextId();
     $second = $this->connection->nextId();
     // We can test for exact increase in here because we know there is no

core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Database/SelectComplexTest.php

@@ -347,8 +347,6 @@ class SelectComplexTest extends DatabaseTestBase {
    * Tests that we can join on a query.
    */
   public function testJoinSubquery() {
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
-
     $account = User::create([
       'name' => $this->randomMachineName(),
       'mail' => $this->randomMachineName() . '@example.com',

core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Element/PathElementFormTest.php

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ class PathElementFormTest extends KernelTestBase implements FormInterface {
    */
   protected function setUp(): void {
     parent::setUp();
-    $this->installSchema('system', ['sequences']);
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     /** @var \Drupal\user\RoleInterface $role */
     $role = Role::create([

core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Entity/ContentEntityHasChangesTest.php

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ class ContentEntityHasChangesTest extends KernelTestBase {
 
     $this->installEntitySchema('user');
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test_mulrev_changed_rev');
-    $this->installSchema('system', 'sequences');
   }
 
   /**