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mbed-os/features/lorawan/LoRaWANInterface.h

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/**
* Copyright (c) 2017, Arm Limited and affiliates.
* SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
/** @addtogroup LoRaWAN
* Mbed OS LoRaWAN Stack
* @{
*/
#ifndef LORAWANINTERFACE_H_
#define LORAWANINTERFACE_H_
#include "platform/Callback.h"
#include "platform/ScopedLock.h"
#include "events/EventQueue.h"
#include "LoRaWANStack.h"
#include "LoRaRadio.h"
#include "lorawan_types.h"
// Forward declaration of LoRaPHY class
class LoRaPHY;
/** LoRaWANInterface Class
* A network interface for LoRaWAN
*/
class LoRaWANInterface {
public:
/** Constructs a LoRaWANInterface using the LoRaWANStack instance underneath.
*
* Currently, LoRaWANStack is a singleton and you should only
* construct a single instance of LoRaWANInterface.
*
* LoRaWANInterface will construct PHY based on "lora.phy" setting in mbed_app.json.
*
* @param radio A reference to radio object
*/
LoRaWANInterface(LoRaRadio &radio);
/** Constructs a LoRaWANInterface using the user provided PHY object.
* @param radio A reference to radio object
* @param phy A reference to PHY object
*/
LoRaWANInterface(LoRaRadio &radio, LoRaPHY &phy);
~LoRaWANInterface();
/** Initialize the LoRa stack.
*
* You must call this before using the LoRa stack.
*
* @param queue A pointer to EventQueue provided by the application.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID is NULL queue is given.
*/
lorawan_status_t initialize(events::EventQueue *queue);
/** Connect OTAA or ABP using the Mbed OS config system
*
* Connect by Over The Air Activation or Activation By Personalization.
* You need to configure the connection properly using the Mbed OS configuration system.
*
* When connecting through OTAA, the return code for success (LORAWAN_STATUS_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS)
* is negative. However, this is not a real error. It tells you that the connection is in progress,
* and an event will notify you of the completion. By default, after the Join Accept message is
* received, base stations may provide the node with a CF-List that replaces all user-configured
* channels except the Join/Default channels. A CF-List can configure a maximum of five channels
* other than the default channels.
*
* To configure more channels, we recommend that you use the `set_channel_plan()` API after the connection.
* By default, the PHY layers configure only the mandatory Join channels. The retransmission back-off
* restrictions on these channels are severe, and you may experience long delays or even failures
* in the confirmed traffic. If you add more channels, the aggregated duty cycle becomes much more
* relaxed as compared to the Join (default) channels only.
*
* **NOTES ON RECONNECTION:**
* Currently, the Mbed OS LoRaWAN implementation does not support non-volatile memory storage.
* Therefore, the state and frame counters cannot be restored after a power cycle. However,
* if you use the `disconnect()` API to shut down the LoRaWAN protocol, the state and frame
* counters are saved. Connecting again restores the previous session. According to the LoRaWAN
* 1.0.2 specification, the frame counters are always reset to 0 for OTAA, and a new Join request
* lets the network server know that the counters need a reset. The same is said about the ABP,
* but there is no way to convey this information to the network server. For a network server,
* an ABP device is always connected. That's why storing the frame counters is important for ABP.
* That's why we restore frame counters from session information after a disconnection.
*
* @return Common: LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if connection parameters are invalid.
*
* For ABP: If everything goes well, LORAWAN_STATUS_OK is returned for first call
* followed by a 'CONNECTED' event. Otherwise a negative error code is returned:
* Any subsequent call will return LORAWAN_STATUS_ALREADY_CONNECTED and no event follows.
*
* For OTAA: When a JoinRequest is sent, LORAWAN_STATUS_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS is returned for
* the first call. Any subsequent call will return either LORAWAN_STATUS_BUSY
* (if the previous request for connection is still underway) or
* LORAWAN_STATUS_ALREADY_CONNECTED (if a network was already joined successfully).
* A 'CONNECTED' event is sent to the application when the JoinAccept is received.
*/
lorawan_status_t connect();
/** Connect OTAA or ABP with parameters
*
* All connection parameters are chosen by you and provided in the data structure passed down.
*
* When connecting using OTAA, the return code for success (LORAWAN_STATUS_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS)
* is negative. However, this is not a real error. It tells you that connection is in progress,
* and an event will notify you of completion. By default, after Join Accept message is received,
* base stations may provide the node with a CF-List that replaces all user-configured channels
* except the Join/Default channels. A CF-List can configure a maximum of five channels other
* than the default channels.
*
* To configure more channels, we recommend that you use the `set_channel_plan()` API after
* the connection. By default, the PHY layers configure only the mandatory Join channels.
* The retransmission back-off restrictions on these channels are severe, and you may experience
* long delays or even failures in the confirmed traffic. If you add more channels, the aggregated
* duty cycle becomes much more relaxed as compared to the Join (default) channels only.
*
* **NOTES ON RECONNECTION:**
* Currently, the Mbed OS LoRaWAN implementation does not support non-volatile memory storage.
* Therefore, the state and frame counters cannot be restored after a power cycle. However,
* if you use the `disconnect()` API to shut down the LoRaWAN protocol, the state and frame
* counters are saved. Connecting again restores the previous session. According to the LoRaWAN
* 1.0.2 specification, the frame counters are always reset to zero for OTAA, and a new Join
* request lets the network server know that the counters need a reset. The same is said about
* the ABP, but there is no way to convey this information to the network server. For a network
* server, an ABP device is always connected. That's why storing the frame counters is important
* for ABP. That's why we restore frame counters from session information after a disconnection.
*
* @param connect Options for an end device connection to the gateway.
*
* @return Common: LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if connection parameters are invalid.
*
* For ABP: If everything goes well, LORAWAN_STATUS_OK is returned for first call followed
* by a 'CONNECTED' event. Otherwise a negative error code is returned.
* Any subsequent call will return LORAWAN_STATUS_ALREADY_CONNECTED and no event follows.
*
* For OTAA: When a JoinRequest is sent, LORAWAN_STATUS_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS is returned for the
* first call. Any subsequent call will return either LORAWAN_STATUS_BUSY
* (if the previous request for connection is still underway) or LORAWAN_STATUS_ALREADY_CONNECTED
* (if a network was already joined successfully).
* A 'CONNECTED' event is sent to the application when the JoinAccept is received.
*/
lorawan_status_t connect(const lorawan_connect_t &connect);
/** Disconnect the current session.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_DEVICE_OFF on success, a negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
*/
lorawan_status_t disconnect();
/** Validate the connectivity with the network.
*
* Application may use this API to submit a request to the stack for validation of its connectivity
* to a Network Server. Under the hood, this API schedules a Link Check Request command (LinkCheckReq)
* for the network server and once the response, i.e., LinkCheckAns MAC command is received from
* the Network Server, user provided method is called.
*
* One way to use this API may be the validation of connectivity after a long deep sleep.
* Mbed LoRaWANStack follows the MAC commands with data frame payload, so the application needs
* to send something, and the Network Server may respond during the RX slots.
*
* This API is usable only when the application sets the 'link_check_resp' callback.
* See add_lora_app_callbacks API. If the above mentioned callback is not set,
* a LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID error is thrown.
*
* The first parameter to callback function is the demodulation margin, and the second parameter
* is the number of gateways that successfully received the last request.
*
* A 'Link Check Request' MAC command remains set for every subsequent transmission, until/unless
* the application explicitly turns it off using the remove_link_check_request() API.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on successfully queuing a request, or
* a negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if link_check_resp callback method is not set.
*
*/
lorawan_status_t add_link_check_request();
/** Removes link check request sticky MAC command.
*
* Any already queued request may still be completed. However, no new requests will be made.
*/
void remove_link_check_request();
/** Sets up a particular data rate
*
* @param data_rate The intended data rate, for example DR_0 or DR_1.
* Please note that the macro DR_* can mean different things in different regions.
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if everything goes well, otherwise a negative error code:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if ADR is enabled or invalid data rate is given
*/
lorawan_status_t set_datarate(uint8_t data_rate);
/** Enables adaptive data rate (ADR)
*
* The underlying LoRaPHY and LoRaMac layers handle the data rate automatically
* based on the radio conditions (network congestion).
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize()
*/
lorawan_status_t enable_adaptive_datarate();
/** Disables adaptive data rate
*
* When adaptive data rate (ADR) is disabled, either you can set a certain
* data rate, or the MAC layer selects a default value.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize()
*/
lorawan_status_t disable_adaptive_datarate();
/** Sets up the retry counter for confirmed messages.
*
* Valid for confirmed messages only.
*
* The number of trials to transmit the frame, if the LoRaMAC layer did not receive an
* acknowledgment. The MAC performs a data rate adaptation as in the LoRaWAN Specification
* V1.0.2, chapter 18.4, table on page 64.
*
* Note that if the number of retries is set to 1 or 2, MAC does not decrease the data rate,
* if the LoRaMAC layer did not receive an acknowledgment.
*
* @param count The number of retries for confirmed messages.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK or a negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize()
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if count >= 255
*/
lorawan_status_t set_confirmed_msg_retries(uint8_t count);
/** Sets the channel plan.
*
* You can provide a list of channels with appropriate parameters filled in. However,
* this list is not absolute. The stack applies a CF-List whenever available, which means
* that the network can overwrite your channel frequency settings right after Join Accept
* is received. You may try to set up any channel or channels after that, and if the channel
* requested is already active, the request is silently ignored. A negative error code is
* returned if there is any problem with parameters.
*
* Please note that you can also use this API to add a single channel to the existing channel plan.
*
* There is no reverse mechanism in the 1.0.2 specification for a node to request a particular
* channel. Only the network server can initiate such a request.
* You need to ensure that the corresponding base station supports the channel or channels being added.
*
* If your list includes a default channel (a channel where Join Requests are received),
* you cannot fully configure the channel parameters. Either leave the channel settings to default,
* or check your corresponding PHY layer implementation. For example, LoRaPHYE868.
*
* @param channel_plan The channel plan to set.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if number of channels is exceeding the PHY limit,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_DATARATE_INVALID if invalid data rate is given,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_FREQUENCY_INVALID if invalid frequency is given,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_FREQ_AND_DR_INVALID if invalid data rate and freqency are given,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_BUSY if TX currently ongoing,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_SERVICE_UNKNOWN if custom channel plans are disabled in PHY
*/
lorawan_status_t set_channel_plan(const lorawan_channelplan_t &channel_plan);
/** Gets the channel plans from the LoRa stack.
*
* Once you have selected a particular PHY layer, a set of channels is automatically activated.
* Right after connecting, you can use this API to see the current plan. Otherwise, this API
* returns the channel plan that you have set using `set_channel_plan()`.
*
* @param channel_plan The current channel plan information.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_SERVICE_UNKNOWN if custom channel plans are disabled in PHY
*/
lorawan_status_t get_channel_plan(lorawan_channelplan_t &channel_plan);
/** Removes an active channel plan.
*
* You cannot remove default channels (the channels the base stations are listening to).
* When a plan is abolished, only the non-default channels are removed.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, negative error code on failure
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_BUSY if TX currently ongoing,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_SERVICE_UNKNOWN if custom channel plans are disabled in PHY
*/
lorawan_status_t remove_channel_plan();
/** Removes a single channel.
*
* You cannot remove default channels (the channels the base stations are listening to).
*
* @param index The channel index.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if invalid channel index is given,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_BUSY if TX currently ongoing,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_SERVICE_UNKNOWN if custom channel plans are disabled in PHY
*/
lorawan_status_t remove_channel(uint8_t index);
/** Send message to gateway
*
* @param port The application port number. Port numbers 0 and 224 are reserved,
* whereas port numbers from 1 to 223 (0x01 to 0xDF) are valid port numbers.
* Anything out of this range is illegal.
*
* @param data A pointer to the data being sent. The ownership of the buffer is not transferred.
* The data is copied to the internal buffers.
*
* @param length The size of data in bytes.
*
* @param flags A flag used to determine what type of message is being sent, for example:
*
* MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x01
* MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x02
* MSG_MULTICAST_FLAG = 0x04
* MSG_PROPRIETARY_FLAG = 0x08
*
* All flags are mutually exclusive, and MSG_MULTICAST_FLAG cannot be set.
*
* @return The number of bytes sent, or a negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NO_ACTIVE_SESSIONS if connection is not open,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_WOULD_BLOCK if another TX is ongoing,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PORT_INVALID if trying to send to an invalid port (e.g. to 0)
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if NULL data pointer is given or flags are invalid.
*/
int16_t send(uint8_t port, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t length, int flags);
/** Receives a message from the Network Server on a specific port.
*
* @param port The application port number. Port numbers 0 and 224 are reserved,
* whereas port numbers from 1 to 223 (0x01 to 0xDF) are valid port numbers.
* Anything out of this range is illegal.
*
* @param data A pointer to buffer where the received data will be stored.
*
* @param length The size of data in bytes.
*
* @param flags A flag is used to determine what type of message is being sent, for example:
*
* MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x01
* MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x02
* MSG_MULTICAST_FLAG = 0x04
* MSG_PROPRIETARY_FLAG = 0x08
*
* All flags can be used in conjunction with one another depending on the intended
* use case or reception expectation.
*
* For example, MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG and MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG are
* not mutually exclusive. In other words, the user can subscribe to
* receive both CONFIRMED AND UNCONFIRMED messages at the same time.
*
* @return It could be one of these:
* i) 0 if there is nothing else to read.
* ii) Number of bytes written to user buffer.
* iii) A negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NO_ACTIVE_SESSIONS if connection is not open,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_WOULD_BLOCK if there is nothing available to read at the moment,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if NULL data or length is given,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_WOULD_BLOCK if incorrect port or flags are given,
*/
int16_t receive(uint8_t port, uint8_t *data, uint16_t length, int flags);
/** Receives a message from the Network Server on any port.
*
* @param data A pointer to buffer where the received data will be stored.
*
* @param length The size of data in bytes
*
* @param port Return the number of port from which message was received.
*
* @param flags Return flags to determine what type of message was received.
* MSG_UNCONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x01
* MSG_CONFIRMED_FLAG = 0x02
* MSG_MULTICAST_FLAG = 0x04
* MSG_PROPRIETARY_FLAG = 0x08
*
* @return It could be one of these:
* i) 0 if there is nothing else to read.
* ii) Number of bytes written to user buffer.
* iii) A negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NO_ACTIVE_SESSIONS if connection is not open,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if NULL data or length is given,
* LORAWAN_STATUS_WOULD_BLOCK if there is nothing available to read at the moment.
*/
int16_t receive(uint8_t *data, uint16_t length, uint8_t &port, int &flags);
/** Add application callbacks to the stack.
*
* An example of using this API with a latch onto 'lorawan_events' could be:
*
*\code
* LoRaWANInterface lorawan(radio);
* lorawan_app_callbacks_t cbs;
* static void my_event_handler();
*
* int main()
* {
* lorawan.initialize();
* cbs.lorawan_events = mbed::callback(my_event_handler);
* lorawan.add_app_callbacks(&cbs);
* lorawan.connect();
* }
*
* static void my_event_handler(lorawan_event_t event)
* {
* switch(event) {
* case CONNECTED:
* //do something
* break;
* case DISCONNECTED:
* //do something
* break;
* case TX_DONE:
* //do something
* break;
* default:
* break;
* }
* }
*
*\endcode
*
* @param callbacks A pointer to the structure containing application callbacks.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success, a negative error code on failure:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_PARAMETER_INVALID if events callback is not set
*/
lorawan_status_t add_app_callbacks(lorawan_app_callbacks_t *callbacks);
/** Change device class
*
* Change current device class.
*
* @param device_class The device class
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK on success or other negative error code if request failed:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED if requested class is not supported
*/
lorawan_status_t set_device_class(device_class_t device_class);
/** Get hold of TX meta-data
*
* Use this method to acquire any TX meta-data related to previous transmission.
* TX meta-data is only available right after the transmission is completed.
* In other words, you can check for TX meta-data right after receiving the TX_DONE event.
*
* @param metadata the inbound structure that will be filled if the meta-data is available.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if the meta-data is available,
* otherwise other negative error code if request failed:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_METADATA_NOT_AVAILABLE if the meta-data is not available
*/
lorawan_status_t get_tx_metadata(lorawan_tx_metadata &metadata);
/** Get hold of RX meta-data
*
* Use this method to acquire any RX meta-data related to current reception.
* RX meta-data is only available right after the reception is completed.
* In other words, you can check for RX meta-data right after receiving the RX_DONE event.
*
* @param metadata the inbound structure that will be filled if the meta-data is available.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if the meta-data is available,
* otherwise other negative error code if request failed:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_METADATA_NOT_AVAILABLE if the meta-data is not available
*/
lorawan_status_t get_rx_metadata(lorawan_rx_metadata &metadata);
/** Get hold of backoff time
*
* In the TX path, because of automatic duty cycling, the transmission is delayed by a certain
* amount of time, which is the backoff time. While the system schedules application data to be sent,
* the application can inquire about how much time is left in the actual transmission to happen.
*
* The system will provide you with a backoff time only if the application data is in the TX pipe.
* If however, the event is already queued for the transmission, this API returns a
* LORAWAN_STATUS_METADATA_NOT_AVAILABLE error code.
*
* @param backoff the inbound integer that will carry the backoff time if it is available.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if the meta-data is available,
* otherwise other negative error code if request failed:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_METADATA_NOT_AVAILABLE if the meta-data is not available
*/
lorawan_status_t get_backoff_metadata(int &backoff);
/** Cancel outgoing transmission
*
* This API is used to cancel any outstanding transmission in the TX pipe.
* If an event for transmission is not already queued at the end of backoff timer,
* the system can cancel the outstanding outgoing packet. Otherwise, the system is
* busy sending and can't be held back. The system will not try to resend if the
* outgoing message was a CONFIRMED message even if the ack is not received.
*
* @return LORAWAN_STATUS_OK if the sending is canceled, otherwise
* other negative error code if request failed:
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NOT_INITIALIZED if system is not initialized with initialize(),
* LORAWAN_STATUS_BUSY if the send cannot be canceled
* LORAWAN_STATUS_NO_OP if the operation cannot be completed (nothing to cancel)
*/
lorawan_status_t cancel_sending(void);
/** Provides exclusive access to the stack.
*
* Use only if the stack is being run in it's own separate thread.
*/
void lock(void)
{
_lw_stack.lock();
}
/** Releases exclusive access to the stack.
*
* Use only if the stack is being run in it's own separate thread.
*/
void unlock(void)
{
_lw_stack.unlock();
}
private:
/** ScopedLock object
*
* RAII style exclusive access
*/
typedef mbed::ScopedLock<LoRaWANInterface> Lock;
/** LoRaWANStack object
*
* Handle for the LoRaWANStack class
*/
LoRaWANStack _lw_stack;
/** PHY object if created by LoRaWANInterface
*
* PHY object if LoRaWANInterface has created it.
* If PHY object is provided by the application, this pointer is NULL.
*/
LoRaPHY *_default_phy;
};
#endif /* LORAWANINTERFACE_H_ */
/** @}*/
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